强作用量子系统的非平衡输运及流体力学集体模式研究

项目名称： 强作用量子系统的非平衡输运及流体力学集体模式研究

项目编号： No.11275082

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈继胜

作者单位： 华中师范大学

项目金额： 67万元

中文摘要： 强作用量子系统的非平衡输运性质、流体力学激发模式相关物理是当今国际物理学界关注的焦点问题。与弱作用准粒子图象的微扰QCD 理论预言不同，相对性重离子碰撞（RHIC）实验揭示产生了低粘滞的强耦合物质，剪切粘滞系数与熵密度之比非常小，即系统体现近"理想流体"的性质。基于弦论的Ads/CFT 对应关系，国际物理学界给出了强作用量子液体的低粘滞下限1/(4\pi)。由于标度不变性和普适规律的要求，理论界认为可用非相对论性的冷原子气体探索近理想流体系统的流体力学行为。本课题紧密地与当前超冷费米原子气实验、理论的研究前沿相结合，分析低粘滞强作用费米子系统的非平衡输运；研究与普适性相关的强作用量子系统的流体力学激发模式；并探索与非线性物理相关的朗道阻尼及扩散输运的低粘滞效应。

中文关键词： 强作用物质；输运性质；粘滞性质；流体力学；夸克胶子等离子体

英文摘要： The non-equilibrium transport properties and hydrodynamic collective modes of strongly interacting quantum systems are the central topics in contemporary physic community. Different from the weakly interacting quasi-particle viewpoint of the perturbative QCD, the matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions manifests a strongly interacting near-ideal liquid characteristic. As an indication of strong interaction, the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density can be very small and has attracted much attention. Based on the string theory-AdS/CFT, the low bound conjecture 1/(4\pi) has been proposed. Due to the scale invariance and universal properties, it is expected the cold Fermi atomic gas experiments can explore the common physics hidden in the relativistic heavy ion collisions. Especially, the interaction strength between the atoms can be artificially controlled by tuning the extra magnetic field. The non-relativistic ultra-cold atomic strongly interacting Fermi gas can be used to model the relativistic nuclear matter produced in the heavy ion collisions. We will study the non-equilibrium transport properties of low viscous strongly interacting fermions. Hydrodynamic behavior of strongly interacting fermions and the effects of shear viscosity on the collective excitation modes will be investiga

英文关键词： Strong interaction；transport property；viscosity property；dydrodynamics；quark-gluon plasma