普鲁士蓝类似物和磷灰石纳米复合高效铯离子吸附剂的开发和穆斯堡尔谱学研究

项目名称： 普鲁士蓝类似物和磷灰石纳米复合高效铯离子吸附剂的开发和穆斯堡尔谱学研究

项目编号： No.21476232

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 王军虎

作者单位： 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 本项目在考虑Cs+进入普鲁士蓝基（PBA）和磷灰石基（AP）吸附剂结构的各种路径的基础上，利用共沉淀、离子交换和插入法分别合成六氰基钴(III)酸铁(II)及羟基磷灰石和氟化磷灰石Cs+吸附剂。通过穆谱、结构精修、XAFS等技术对所合成材料进行表征，明确它们的Cs+吸附性能与其物理化学性质的关系，给出合理的Cs+吸附机理。在此基础上，利用化学沉淀和模拟体液法确立PBA和AP纳米复合吸附剂的制备方法，进一步研究它们的组成、结构、Cs+吸附性能和机理。PBA和AP复合可进一步提高它们的Cs+吸附性能，增强其机械稳定性。在深入探讨PBA、AP及二者复合吸附剂的构效关系和机理的基础上，开发出组成和结构稳定的Cs+吸附新材料，为其工业化应用提供依据和帮助。本项目的优势在于利用原位光谱学及各种常规表征来研究吸附剂结构中Cs+进出的实时状态。本项目多学科交融，目标是设计高效Cs+吸附材料，解明其机理。

中文关键词： 共沉淀；离子交换；插入；Cs+吸附；Cs+去除机理

英文摘要： It is an important and urgent issue to research and develop advanced treatment and purification technology for radioactive waste water with 137Cs. By carefully investigating the possible routes of Cs+ fixing into the structures of Prussian blue-based (PBA) and apatite-based (AP) sorbents, the new Cs+ sorbents of a series of soluble and insoluble hexacyanocobaltate(III) iron(II), hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite will be separately synthesized by co-precipitation, ion-exchange and intercalation methods. Based on the characterization results of regular and in-situ 57Fe M?ssbauer spectroscopy, Cs LIII edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, the Rietveld structural refinement and other various advanced techniques for the prepared materials, the relationships will be made clear between their Cs+ sorption capabilities and their various physical and chemical properties, the reasonable Cs+ sorption mechanism will be explored systematically. Beyond these above mentioned researches, the PBA and AP novel nanocomposite sorbents with different mole radio and architectures will be developed by using the established methods of chemical precipitation and simulated body fluid, their chemical compositions, structures, Cs+ sorption properties and mechanisms will be further studied. The Cs+ sorption properties can be improved and their mechanical stabilities can be enhanced by compositing the selected high efficient PBA and AP sorbents with defined composition and structure. Through the deep understanding of the structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of PBA, AP and their composited sorbents, we aim to develop novel nanocomposited Cs+ sorbent with stable composition and structure, provide a theoretical basis and help for their industrial applications. Advantage of this project is realized the monitor of the real-time status of Cs+ in and out of the sorbent structures by the utilization of the in-situ spectroscopic characterizations and a variety of conventional techniques. The project is multidisciplinary, its goal is to design novel kinds of highly efficient sorbent materials for removal radioactive Cs+ pollutants from waste aqueous solution, furthermore, exploring out of their sorption mechanisms.

英文关键词： Co-precipitation;Ion-exchange;Intercalation;Cs+ sorption;Removal mechanism