金属粉末光纤激光熔化成形孔隙形成机理与控制研究

项目名称： 金属粉末光纤激光熔化成形孔隙形成机理与控制研究

项目编号： No.61078078

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 刘锦辉

作者单位： 黑龙江科技大学

项目金额： 15万元

中文摘要： 本项目是一年期小额资助项目，项目采用光纤激光熔化不锈钢粉末进行了成形试验，依从机理→#26041;法→#24037;艺的研究技术路线，通过规律性变换激光能量输入和粉末性能参数，研究了成形件孔隙形成同激光能量输入与粉末性能协同作用之间的联系，结合试件的检测分析，研究了孔隙产生的各类影响因素。结果表明：激光作用下，粉末产生熔化，熔体的流动、熔合、焊合、分裂及球化行为是孔隙产生的原因；粉末状态的金属本身存在空隙，激光热作用下，金属的快速熔凝，熔化状态的温度与时间（激光能量输入及金属自身热物性参数）以及外围环境温度综合作用导致最终孔隙状况。上述孔隙形成机理的研究成果进一步为选择性激光熔化成形金属零件的孔隙控制方法提供依据，从而为成形全致密金属零件和孔隙可控金属功能零件奠定基础，最终推动选择性激光熔化成形技术向航空航天及医学等更广泛的应用领域拓展，实现选择性激光熔化成形技术的工程应用价值。

中文关键词： 光纤激光；熔化；粉末；孔隙；机理

英文摘要： This is a petty sum project for one year. Forming test with fiber laser melting of stainless steel was carried on in this project according to the technique clue of from mechanism to mechod, then to process. The corresponding connections between formation of pores and the combination of laser energy input and the properties of powders were investigated through varying the parameters of laser energy input and power properties. Many effects on formation of pores were studied via the testing and analysis of forming specimen. The results show the following points. The reasons of formation of pores are the flowage, fusion, welding, dividing and balling; There are pores among the original powders. The rapid melting and solidification of metal powder, the temperature and durition of melting state(infulunenced by laser energy and physical properties of powders) and effects from environmental temperature determined the final state of pores. The study outcome of formation mechanism of pores will provide basement for the controling method of pores in selective laser melting forming technology, and will lay foundation for the formation of full dense metal part and pores controled functional metal parts to put forward the application of selective laser melting technology in many more domains, such as medical, aviation and spacement, to realize the engineering value of this technology.

英文关键词： fiber laser;melting;powder;pore;mechanism