人脑热量输运机制及其调控方法

项目名称： 人脑热量输运机制及其调控方法

项目编号： No.51476181

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 何志祝

作者单位： 中国科学院理化技术研究所

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 阐明人脑工作原理是现代科学所面临的重大课题之一，全球性脑研究热潮已初步形成。高强度产热是脑生理活动的最基本特征之一。脑热平衡机制是脑功能正常运行的重要保障，但其机理研究的滞后，已严重制约高效脑热调控方法的发展。从工程热物理学视角研究人脑传热传质机理，是阐明脑热调节等脑功能原理的关键所在。本项目旨在通过对人脑热量输运这一关键热物理问题的深入研究，探索脑热平衡机理，建立脑热靶向调控方法。具体而言：基于现代医学影像技术发展人体头部热物性参数准确估算方法；建立新型血管化传热传质模型和脑热状态定量评估方法；研究代谢产热、脑血管网络热效应、皮肤和环境换热三者之间动态平衡关系；澄清学术界对脑热选择性调节(BSC：Brain Selective cooling)机制的争议；探索脑热平衡和失调的关键因素；发展脑热异常区域探测方法，探索脑热调控最优化方法学。本研究可望在脑热生理基础与应用研究方面取得新的突破。

中文关键词： 传热传质；生物组织；热生理；脑冷却；脑血管网络

英文摘要： The brain is one of the most singular organs and controls all the human behavior. Revealing the working principle of the brain has been one of the most important scientific event.The intense heat production appears to be an essential feature of brain metabolic activity. Potential thermal imbalance between heat produced and removed could lead to overheating and aberrant functioning, because neural properties are strongly temperature dependent.The transport of the brain heat is the key of the brain thermalregulation. Therefore, the problem of heat transfer could be a serious factor shaping brain function.The brain thermal homeostasis is complex brain physiological proces combined with thermophysics. Our knowledge of brain temperature, its normal and pathological fluctuations, and the mechanisms underlying brain thermal homeostasis is limited. Based on the medical imaging technology, this projection is aimed to establish bioheat and mass transfer model and the thermal state evaluation method. We investigate the key thermophysical problems of brain functional activity, thermal effects of brain vascular networks, and convective heat transfer from external environment such that to characterize and interpret the mechanism of brain thermal homeostasis regulation. We also study the thermal imbalance induced by strenuous exercise，pathological reactions and brain injury. Furthermore, we develop the method to detect the abnormal-temperature region and selective brain cooling based on thermal imaging.In addition, we will explore the approach for optimization design of brain thermal regulation. This projection would make new breakthroughs about the fundamental theory of brain thermal physiology and their application.

英文关键词： heat and mass transfer;biological tissue;thermal physiology;brain cooling;brain vascular network