钚真胶体粒子与水-岩界面的作用及在含水层中运动能力的研究

项目名称： 钚真胶体粒子与水-岩界面的作用及在含水层中运动能力的研究

项目编号： No.21477097

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 谢金川

作者单位： 西北核技术研究院

项目金额： 70万元

中文摘要： 现场监测和原理性研究证实，钚-天然胶体缔合的胶体粒子(ca)增强了钚在地下环境中的运动能力，然而钚的多核水解聚合物，即真胶体粒子(hy)，是否也有运动能力尚不清楚。为此，我们开展以下研究：胶体粒子(hy)的溶解动力学，尤其是无机配体（F-、CO32-、SO42-）和电子穿梭体（腐殖酸、蒽醌-2，6-二磺酸盐）对溶解速率的影响，以确定地下水中胶体粒子(hy)是否能稳定存在；胶体粒子(hy)与水-花岗岩和水-天然胶体界面的吸附亲合，及无机配体和电子穿梭体存在时界面上胶体粒子(hy)的溶解动力学，以确定胶体粒子(hy)与界面的作用机制及界面上胶体粒子(hy)的稳定性；胶体粒子(hy)在饱和花岗岩介质中的运动能力，与地下水的相对运动速度，及胶体粒子(hy)的稳定性和环境条件等的影响。通过这些核环境化学基础问题的研究，为准确预报我国核试验场含水层远区水域的钚污染风险和制定相应的修复策略提供重要数据。

中文关键词： 钚；真胶体；含水层；花岗岩；作用机理

英文摘要： A combination of the lab-scale experiments focusing on transport mechanisms and the field data resulting from some nuclear sites strongly demonstrated that natural colloids could enhance transport of the Pu associated with the colloids (i.e. the colloid-associated Pu, termed as colloidal particle(ca)) through subsurface environments. However, whether polynuclear Pu formed by hydrolysis (i.e. the intrinsic colloid of Pu, termed as colloidal particle(hy)) has mobilization is not yet clear. Accordingly, we will carry out following studies. (1) The particle(hy) sizes as affected by aging, and its solubilization facilitated by inorganic complexing ligands such as F?, CO32?, and SO42? and by reductive Fe2+ especially in the presence of electron shuttles such as humic acid and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonatethe, are investigated to determine whether the particle(hy) can present as a stabilized species in groundwater. (2) Also, we study sorption affinity of the particle(hy) for water-granite and water-natural colloid interfaces and then explore the dominant interaction mechanism between the particle(hy) and the interfaces. (3) To study stability of the particle(hy) attached onto the interfaces, attention will be paid to the effects of the ligands and the Fe2+ especially in the presence of the electron shuttles on the solubilization kinetics of the attached particle(hy). (4) Furthermore, particle(hy) transport through saturated granite media is examined to evaluate its mobilization as a function of its stability and environmentally relevant conditions such as ionic strength and groundwater flow velocity. (5) Finally, transport velocity of the particle(hy) relative to the groundwater, as affected by the environmentally relevant conditions, will be experimentally determined. These scientific studies may have significant contributions to accurate prediction of the risk of Pu into the far-fields of the groundwater at the Chinese nuclear test sites and to future remediation of the contaminated fields.

英文关键词： Plutonium;Intrinsic colloid;Aquifer;Granite;Interaction mechanism