城乡儿童害羞和社交淡漠的发展及其脑电特征：社会环境的作用

项目名称： 城乡儿童害羞和社交淡漠的发展及其脑电特征：社会环境的作用

项目编号： No.31300855

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 刘俊升

作者单位： 上海师范大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 本研究拟选取城市和农村儿童各500人，通过为期三年的纵向研究设计，从儿童、父母、教师、同伴等多个来源搜集有关儿童害羞、社交淡漠、适应状况等多方面信息，借助潜变量增长模型（LGM）、多层级结构方程模型等统计技术，系统考察城乡背景、教养行为、同伴关系等社会环境因素对害羞和社交淡漠发展轨迹及其适应功能的影响；并通过对其中180名典型害羞、典型社交淡漠及控制组儿童前额叶脑电非对称性和情绪面孔加工ERP成分发展的追踪研究，揭示社会环境影响害羞和社交淡漠发展的生理机制。在此基础上，尝试建立社会环境、个体行为和脑机制相互作用影响儿童适应结果的过程模型。本研究结果有助于了解宏观环境影响个体所处近体环境，并进而影响个体行为及神经机制的过程，找出害羞和社交淡漠儿童发展的保护性因素和危险因素，从而为相关理论模型的完善以及现实的临床干预、教育实践提供坚实的实证基础。

中文关键词： 害羞；社交淡漠；适应功能；事件相关电位；追踪研究

英文摘要： Socially-withdrawn children frequently remove themselves from opportunities for social interaction and are a substantive increased risk for wide range of socio-emotional and school adjustment difficulties. However, there is growing evidence to suggest that there are subtypes of social withdrawal, that differ in terms of their underlying motivational and emotional substrates. For example, whereas shyness is characterized by the internal conflict between social approach motivation and social avoidance motivation, unsociability (or social disinterest) refers to a non-fearful preference for solitude. Moreover, results from recent research indicate that the meaning and implication of both shyness and unsociability may be moderated by social and cultural contexts. To date, we know very little about the processes by which the social environment may impact upon the links between social withdrawal subtypes and children's adjustment. The primary goal of the proposed three-year longitudinal study is to explore the role of psychophysiology (e.g., EEG), the social environment (e.g., rural vs. urban), family factors (e.g., parenting), and peer relationships in the links between shyness, unsociability and children's socio-emotional and school adjustment. Participants will be about 1,000 third to sixth grade students from both

英文关键词： shyness；unsociability；adjustment fuctioning；event-related potentials；longitudinal study