基于肽类分子的多组分共组装：理性设计、多级调控与生物应用

项目名称： 基于肽类分子的多组分共组装：理性设计、多级调控与生物应用

项目编号： No.21476165

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 齐崴

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 多组分共组装体系的设计、调控与应用是分子自组装领域的研究前沿，也是难点之一。本项目以短肽分子为核心，设计小分子-短肽、大分子-短肽两类多组分共组装体系，从界面物理、流体力学领域获取灵感，开发新型组装调控手段，制备特定结构和功能的共组装材料，并探索其在生物化学工程领域的应用。具体研究中：①筛选不同的功能小分子，构建小分子-短肽共组装体系，利用界面毛细力实现对共组装行为的多级调控，并建立相关材料的分析传感应用体系；②基于电荷和催化活性的不同，选择多糖、酶蛋白等生物大分子，构建大分子-短肽共组装体系：以水相液液界面为模板，利用射流边界层控制液液界面处的三传(质量、动量、热量)、一反（共组装），可控制备糖-肽共组装材料；利用金属配位及变构效应，合成酶-肽-金属离子三元共组装体；构建相关材料的载药缓释和生物催化应用体系。本项目研究思路、方法和成果可为分子共组装体系的设计、调控和应用提供参考。

中文关键词： 肽；共组装；酶；多糖；功能小分子

英文摘要： Co-assembly of multicomponents is one of the frontiers of molecular self-assembly, due to its advantage to integrate and optimize different functionalities from the co-assembling componets. However, the design and manipulation of such self-assembling systems is much more complex than that of single component systems. In this proposal, we design the co-assembling systems based on self-assembling peptide by introducing small functional molecules or biomacromolecules as the co-assembling components. Moreover, novel control principles were exploited to self-assemble the multicomponents into hierarchically ordered functional materials with distint morphologes. In addition, biological applications based on the co-assembling materials were further assessed as well. In specific investigation: ① For small functional molecules and short peptides co-assembling system, capillary force was introduced to manipulate the hierarchical, co-assembly of components in solution phase or at interfaces, to form complex peptide micro/nanostructures. The application of co-assembling materials in the field of biosensor was further assessed. ② For biomacromolecules and short peptides co-assembling system, based on electrostatic interaction and catalytic properties, we selected polymer sugars or enzymes as the co-assembling componets. For the co-assembly of polymer sugar and peptide, we used aqeuous liquid-liquid interface to serve as the template to control the co-assembling process. As an original innovation, jet flow theroy was proposed as a feasible approcah to manipulate the co-assembling of such systems into hierarchically functional sugar-peptide materials. For the co-assembling of enzyme and peptide, metal ions were employed due to its coordination property and the allosteric effect between enzymes, so that we could fabricate hierarchical, functional metal-enzyme-peptide co-assembling materials. The applications of the co-assembled materials in the field of controlled drug release and biological catalysis were further assessed as well. The concepts, methodologies as well as results of this proposal can open an avenue for the design, manipulation and applications of molecular co-assembling systems.

英文关键词： Peptide;Co-assembly;Enzyme;Polysaccharide;Functional small molecule