声表面波传感器结合露/霜点仪测量技术在大气湿度探测方面的应用研究

项目名称： 声表面波传感器结合露/霜点仪测量技术在大气湿度探测方面的应用研究

项目编号： No.41475033

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 姚振东

作者单位： 成都信息工程大学

项目金额： 109万元

中文摘要： 凝结式露点仪是目前唯一可以在全温度量程内达到较高准确度的测湿仪器，普遍采用光学法检测露/霜机理，在探空条件下，存在露/霜甄别、镜面污染、光学元件结露（霜）等不易解决的问题，造成错误测量和测量误差；试图解决某个问题，会导致测量间断和时间增加。声表面波（Surface Acoustic Wave，SAW）具有在其传播路径上遇到不同密度、质量等物理参数的障碍物时，会产生传播速度、幅度等方面的变化的特性，由此可计算出障碍物的某些参数和特征。将SAW技术和冷凝式露/霜点仪结合，研究SAW在各种气象环境下，进行露/霜点检测时的各种特性参数变化，解决露霜甄别、镜面污染、快速响应等技术难题，避免光学元件的湿冷环境等影响，获得一种在宽范围和极端环境下，如地面至平流层，全量程范围的湿度准确测量技术，积累基于SAW技术的大气探测研究基础。形成基于SAW传感器的大气湿度测量仪器样机，建立高水平的室内湿度测试技术。

中文关键词： 大气探测；高空观测；湿度；凝结物识别；声表面波

英文摘要： Condensation dew point hydrometer is the only way to achieve high accuracy instrument measuring humidity in the whole temperature range. Since widely using the method of optical dew / frost point detection, some problems such as dew / frost point recognition, mirror surface contamination, optical components dewing and icing (low temperature), and so on, cause fail test or measurement errors, under atmospheric sounding conditions. Trying to solve these problems, can cause test interrupt and measuring time increases. When a surface acoustic wave (SAW) meets obstacles with different densities, different masses and other different physical characteristics, its propagation speed, magnitude, and some other parameters will be changed. Detecting the changes can thus calculate some parameters and characteristics of obstacles. Combining SAW sensor and dew/frost point hydrometer, the SAW's behaves changes in various parameters when dew / frost point detecting will be researched in a variety of meteorological environment. The problems of dew / frost point recognition, mirror surface contamination or optical components dewing and icing (low temperature) will be solved. The impact of optical components by wet environment will be avoided. The techniques to accurately measure humidity under whole scale measurement range will be obtained, in a wide range and extreme environments such as the ground surface to the stratosphere. The works can crease the accumulation of atmospheric sounding basic research based on SAW technology. An atmospheric humidity sounding prototype instrument based on the SAW sensor will be built. High level indoor humidity testing technology will be established.

英文关键词： Atmospheric Sounding;Upper-air Observation;Humidity;Condensation Recognition;Surface Acoustic Wave