用于高效砷吸附的结构可控氧化铁功能化多孔碳材料的研究

项目名称： 用于高效砷吸附的结构可控氧化铁功能化多孔碳材料的研究

项目编号： No.51502181

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 杨洁

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 含砷饮用水有很强的毒性和致癌性，会危害人类的健康。如何有效除去饮用水中的砷使其达到饮用标准一直是国内外关注的一个研究课题。基于多孔碳材料的吸附剂被广泛用于除砷。现有吸附剂存在的问题包括砷吸附量低、吸附后不能满足饮用水标准、不能吸附亚砷酸盐等。此外，多孔碳材料中的砷吸附机理还不清楚，多孔碳材料的结构与砷吸附性能之间的关系还未被建立。本项目拟合成结构可控氧化铁功能化多孔碳材料作为高效砷吸附剂。通过控制负载氧化铁时的条件，使得在氧化铁含量很高的情况下，氧化铁在多孔碳材料的孔道内仍然是处于分散的状态，以此来增加活性砷吸附位点进而提高砷吸附性能。通过改变多孔碳材料的介观结构及孔径等结构参数，并对比材料的砷吸附性能，研究多孔碳材料中的砷吸附机理以及结构与砷吸附性能的关系。本研究有望为高效多孔砷吸附剂的设计与开发提供新的思路，并在含砷饮用水的处理方面得到重要应用。

中文关键词： 多孔碳；纳米氧化铁；表面修饰；砷吸附；污水处理

英文摘要： Arsenic-containing water is very toxic and thus has a strong adverse effect on human health. To improve the quality of water, porous carbon based adsorbents have been extensively applied to remove arsenic from polluted water. However, these adsorbents show some disadvantages.: 1) The arsenic adsorption capacities are relatively low; 2) Arsenite cannot be removed efficiently; 3) The arsenic concentration after adsorption is higher than the standard suggested by World Health Organization. In addition, the arsenic adsorption mechanism in the porous structure has not been revealed, and the fundamental understanding on the structure-function relationship for nanoporous adsorbents used for arsenic removal has not been established, which hinders the development of new arsenic adsorbents with high performance. .To solve above issues, in this project, we will fabricate iron oxide functionalized porous carbon with controlled structures as the arsenic adsorbents. By controlling the loading process of iron oxide, even at a high loading amount of iron oxide, iron oxide can still homogeneously disperse in the pores of porous carbon rather than forming aggregates, which could generate more arsenic adsorption sites and thus improve the arsenic adsorption performance of porous carbon. Moreover, by controlling the mesostructure and structure parameters (such as pore size) of porous carbon materials, the arsenic adsorption mechanism in the porous carbon can be revealed, and the fundamental correlation between the porous structure and adsorption performance can be established. This project may provide guidelines for the design of arsenic adsorbents with high performance.

英文关键词： porous carbon;iron oxide nanoparticles;surface functionalization; arsenic adsorption;water treatment