社区医务人员干预成人超重和肥胖的行为机制：基于计划行为理论的实证研究

项目名称： 社区医务人员干预成人超重和肥胖的行为机制：基于计划行为理论的实证研究

项目编号： No.71303250

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 朱大乔

作者单位： 中国人民解放军第二军医大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 超重和肥胖已成为我国一个严重的公共卫生问题。社区医务人员是实施体重管理的主体，他们干预超重和肥胖的态度和力度，关乎防治工作的成效。然而，国内外研究对医务人员的关注甚少，更没有探查医务人员干预超重和肥胖"执行力度弱、自我效能低"的形成原因。计划行为理论（TPB）已被成功地应用于多个行为领域，显示了很好的解释力和预测力。我们由此思考，能否构建基于TPB的预测模型，用以揭示社区医务人员实施体重管理行为的关键因素及其作用机制、解释他们"执行力度弱、自我效能低"的内在原因，为社区慢病防治提供政策参考。为此，本课题拟采用纵向研究设计，从计划行为理论的视角，分析社区医务人员干预成人超重和肥胖的现状及其影响因素，构建实施体重管理行为的模型。并通过改变关键变量的强度，进一步验证和修正模型，阐明医务人员干预成人超重和肥胖的行为机制，进而提出推进社区体重管理的政策建议，为提高超重和肥胖的社区防治水平提供新思路。

中文关键词： 社区医务人员；体重管理；计划行为理论；结构方程模型；超重/肥胖

英文摘要： Overweight and obesity are major health problems for all age groups in the world. Community health professionals are well placed and expected to play a key role in prevention and treatment of overweight or obese people. Although most health professionals hold favorable attitudes concerning their role in preventing and treating overweight and obesity, many have expressed a lack of confidence in their ability to help people to lose weight or maintain healthy weight, and their actual weight management practice falls below current recommendations. Given a rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in China, especially in large cities, it is important to understand health professionals' behaviors and behavioral mechanism related to weight management. However, very limited studies focused on health professionals themselves and their works, and no study had explored the reasons for above undesirable practice and confidence reported by health professionals. Further, our recent studies on Chinese and British nurses revealed that, there was a big gap between nurses' weight management practices (WMP) and current goals launched by local health policies, and nurses' self efficacy was the best predictor of weight management practice but only accounted for 20.2% of the variance of WMP in the model constructed by

英文关键词： community health professsionals；weight management；theory of planned behavior；structural equation model；overweight/obesity