基于控制论的软件系统适应性需求的捕获与建模方法研究

项目名称： 基于控制论的软件系统适应性需求的捕获与建模方法研究

项目编号： No.61300035

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 刘春

作者单位： 河南大学

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 随着软件系统的运行环境变得日益开放与动态，越来越多的软件系统需要具有自适应能力以应对运行时所可能面临的各种不确定性。而建立具有自适应能力的软件系统，首先需要捕获和建模软件系统的适应性需求,以在系统开发之前明确软件系统所可能面临的不确定性和系统应对不确定性的适应性行为。但是，软件系统适应性需求的捕获和建模目前仍然缺乏有效的方法。针对该问题，本项目拟基于控制论，将具有自适应能力的软件系统与其运行环境所构成的软件加强型系统建模为一个控制系统，通过对该软件加强型系统反馈回路的识别与建模来实现对软件系统适应性需求的捕获与建模。基于该思路，本项目主要研究软件系统与其运行环境所构成的软件加强型系统反馈回路的识别与建模方法、以及不同反馈回路之间潜在冲突的分析方法，最后，结合具体案例展开实例验证与应用研究。本项目预期为开放动态环境下软件系统适应性需求的捕获与建模提供一种系统性的指导方法。

中文关键词： 需求建模；适应性需求；控制论；反馈回路；

英文摘要： With the operational environments becoming increasingly open and dynamic, more and more software systems are required to have the ability to adapt to the potential uncertainties. To develop such systems, we need to first elicit and model the adaptive requirements before the development, to help the developers obtain an adequate knowledge on the potential uncertainties and the required adaptation behaviors. However, there still lacks of an effective approach for that. Based on Cybernetics, this project intends to model the software-intensive systems which are composed by the adaptive software systems and their environments as the control systems, and elicit and model the adaptive requirements through identifying and modeling the feedback loops of the control systems. Following such idea, this project will study the approach to identify the required feedback loops of the control systems, to model each required feedback loop, and to find and solve the conflicts between the identified feedback loops, and finally take an example to validate the approach and show its application. This project aims to provide a systematic approach for eliciting and modeling the adaptive requirements of the software systems under the open and dynamic environments.

英文关键词： Requirements modeling；Adaptive requirements；Cybernetics；Feedback loops；