典型有色冶炼区大气颗粒物中重金属粒径分布与形态特征研究

项目名称： 典型有色冶炼区大气颗粒物中重金属粒径分布与形态特征研究

项目编号： No.41205093

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 大气科学学科

项目作者： 张凯

作者单位： 中国环境科学研究院

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 有色金属冶炼废气排放是大气颗粒物中重金属的重要来源，大气颗粒物中重金属是向生态系统中输入与富集最重要的外源因子之一，对人体健康和生态系统构成潜在威胁。本项目拟对典型有色金属冶炼区不同粒径中重金属（主要包括镉、汞、铅、铬、铜、镍、锌、铊、锰、钼和类金属砷等）的浓度、粒径分布、赋存形态及时空分布特征进行研究。利用污染因子法（Cf）、单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法，评价重金属的污染程度及特征。利用分级提取法分析大气颗粒物中重金属的形态特征，研究不同季节不同粒径中重金属的形态分布、空间迁移特征及在模拟不同酸度降水条件下的溶出规律；根据形态分析探讨重金属的生物有效性。本研究对有色金属冶炼周边大气颗粒物中重金属的迁移、转化规律与环境效应的认识具有重要的科学意义与应用价值。

中文关键词： 重金属；有色金属冶炼；形态分析；酸雨溶出；生物有效性

英文摘要： The exhaust pollutant emission coming from the non-ferrous metal smelting is the major source of heavy metals in atmosphere, which is one of the most important factors to input and accumulate the heavy metals to the ecosystem, and its has the potential intimidate to human health and ecosystem. This project intends to study the concentrations, particle sizes distribution, speciation, as well as spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals (including cadmium, mercury, lead, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, thallium, manganese, molybdenum and arsenic, etc.) in different atmospheric particulates sizes in the typical non-ferrous metal smelting area. Contamination factor (Cf), individual pollution index method and Nemerow integrated pollution index method will be used to evaluate the atmospheric heavy metals pollution levels and characteristics. Speciation characteristics will be analyzed by sequential extraction. Speciation distribution, transportations characteristics and the dissolving laws in simulated different acidity precipitation of heavy metals of different diameters in different seasons will be studied. Bioavailability of heavy metals will be explored according to the speciation analysis. It has important scientific significance and application value to study the transport, transformation characteristic

英文关键词： heavy metal；non-ferrous metal smelting；sequential extraction；simulated acid rain；bioavailability