大型复杂结构传感器优化布置方法研究

项目名称： 大型复杂结构传感器优化布置方法研究

项目编号： No.61463028

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 彭珍瑞

作者单位： 兰州交通大学

项目金额： 44万元

中文摘要： 为降低大型复杂结构因长期服役和各种灾害因素造成的灾难性影响，对其进行结构健康监测至关重要。传感器优化布置是结构健康监测的关键环节。研究复杂工程结构在最合理的位置上布置最少数量的传感器，提高所获取信息的覆盖率、灵敏度和准确性，成为大型结构健康监测的首要基础理论问题。但专门针对大型复杂结构传感器优化布置还少见系统深入的研究。本项目拟针对常规传感器布置的优化准则缺乏定量的适应性评价标准，现有方法在解决大型复杂结构传感器布置时存在自由度数目大、鲁棒性差等现状，实施学科交叉，拟开展以下研究：（1）引入谱估计理论，创建传感器布置优化准则的适应性评价体系；（2）针对大型复杂结构特点，融合新型智能优化算法，研究传感器布置优化新方法；（3）研究结构几何形状、材料特性等不确定参数对传感器优化布置的影响，提高传感器优化布置的鲁棒性。成果为大型复杂结构健康监测中传感器布置的合理性和可靠性提供理论基础和应用依据。

中文关键词： 智能优化；传感器优化布置；智能计算；谱估计理论；大型结构

英文摘要： Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) is of vital importance for reducing the disastrous influences of large-scale complex structures due to long-term service and all kinds of disasters factors. Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) is a key part of SHM. OSP involves modern sensor, intelligent information processing, mechanics, and optimization theory, etc. Placing the least number of sensors at proper locations is to improve the coverage, sensitivity and accuracy of information on large-scale complex engineering structures. This has become the first basic theory problem for structural health monitoring of large-scale complex structures. However, less study has been done on the OSPs for large-scale complex structures up to now. The OPS optimization criterion lacks adaptability evaluation criterion. The existing OPS optimization methods cannot solve the OSPs of large-scale and complex structures because of degrees of freedom and poor robustness. Through the implementation of cross discipline，the following three aspects will be carried out: (1) Through introducing spectrum estimation theory, create the adaptability evaluation system for the OSP optimization criterion. (2) In view of the nature of large-scale complex structure, by integrating new intelligent optimization algorithms, new OPS optimization methods will be investigated. (3) Study the effects of structure geometry, material properties, and other uncertain parameters on OPS to improve the robustness of OPS. Expected research results can provide theoretical basis and application foundation for the rationality and reliability of OPS used for SHM of large-scale and complex structures.

英文关键词： intelligent optimization;optimal sensor placement;intelligent computation;spectrum estimation theory;large-scale structure