数值模拟结合多平台观测研究气溶胶气候效应

项目名称： 数值模拟结合多平台观测研究气溶胶气候效应

项目编号： No.41475005

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 马晓燕

作者单位： 南京信息工程大学

项目金额： 92万元

中文摘要： 气溶胶通过直接散射和吸收太阳辐射（直接效应），间接通过作为云凝结核（CCN）改变云和降水（间接效应），从而影响气候。目前大量的研究，无论是模式计算还是利用卫星观测推算强迫值，都有很多的简化和假定，因此模式之间或者模式和观测推算之间，还存在着相当大的不确定性，需要做进一步的研究。本项目提出数值模拟结合多平台观测资料，包括地面观测、飞机观测、卫星反演等，系统地评价模式模拟和由观测直接推算的误差来源，在此基础上改进模式的气溶胶参数化方案、改进模式中气溶胶对云和辐射影响的参数化表达；同时通过对气溶胶特性，特别是垂直廓线和粒子谱的资料分析，检验现有的用于从卫星反演推算辐射强迫的气溶胶与云特性之间的关系的合理性，以便改进或者提出新的更为准确地表征气溶胶对云的影响的关系。这不仅能够提高我们对气溶胶-云-辐射影响的认识，从而降低模式之间，以及模式与观测间估计的辐射强迫的差异，更有助于改进对气候的模拟。

中文关键词： 大气气溶胶；数值模拟；多平台观测；直接效应；间接效应

英文摘要： Aerosols impact climate directly by scattering and absorbing incoming solar radiation (Direct effect), and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that affect cloud properties and precipitation (Indirect effect). Both model calculations and satellite-based estimations of aerosol direct and indirect forcing are subject to large uncertainties as a result of various simplifications and underlying assumptions. Further studies are needed. In this proposal, we propose to combine numerical model simulations with multi-platform observations, including surface-based network, airborne observations, and satellite retrievals, to systematically evaluate the model performance with regard to aerosol forcing and explore the possible sources contributed to the discrepancies in the modeled and satellite-constrained aerosol forcing. Based on the detailed data analysis, we seek to improve the representations of aerosol processes, aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction in the model. By analyzing the vertical profiles of aerosol and cloud measured from various airborne field campaigns and surface networks we will evaluate the aerosol-cloud-radiation relationship derived from satellite data, and derive new algorithms to better represent the connection between aerosol properties and cloud. This proposal will improve our understanding in aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction, reduce the uncertainties of model and observed-based estimates, and thus to simulate the aerosol climatic effect and project future climate more accurately.

英文关键词： aerosol;numerical simulation;multi-platform observations;direct effect;indirect effect