不同类型牧食者对水生植物入侵种喜旱莲子草的影响

项目名称： 不同类型牧食者对水生植物入侵种喜旱莲子草的影响

项目编号： No.31500295

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 范书锋

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 虽然很多学者研究了牧食对外来植物入侵的影响，但是结果并不一致，而且研究多是在陆地生态系统中进行的。有些文献研究了本地牧食者对水生植物入侵种与本地种的取食偏好，但是对外来牧食者对外来植物入侵的影响的研究比较少。而且很少涉及到机理机制和种群性能以及评估整个生态系统中不同类型牧食者对外来水生植物入侵的整体影响。在该项目中我们将调查水生入侵植物喜旱莲子草在中国分布区域内牧食者种类以及种群多度、丰度和牧食强度在不同区域的差异；研究不同区系不同类型的水生和陆生牧食者对其与本地近缘种的取食偏好、生理影响、种群影响，以及本地牧食者在喜旱莲子草不同入侵阶段和生长阶段的作用；同时还将研究喜旱莲子草对牧食的防御机制以解释这些影响产生的原因。这些研究可以综合的评估牧食者对水生植物入侵的整体影响，揭示外来水生植物的入侵机制，也可以为利用牧食者对入侵水生植物进行生物控制提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 水生植物；生物入侵；喜旱莲子草；牧食；防御机制

英文摘要： Many researches studied the effects of herbivory on invasive plants and obtained inconsistent results, moreover, most researches were conducted in terrestrial ecosystems. Although some researches studied native generalist herbivore preference for aquatic native vs. exotic plants, but these researches paid a few attention to explaining the reasons of these results and the effects of the native generalist herbivores on population performance of invasive plants. Moreover, few comprehensive studies examined the effects of different herbivores on exotic plants, especially study effects of the exotic herbivores on exotic plants. Therefore, we will use the aquatic invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides as a model species. Investigate the herbivores that feed on A. philoxeroides in China. Research the richness, abundance and defoliation levels of herbivores in different areas. Study the bias, physiological impacts and population performance impacts of different native and exotic herbivores on A. philoxeroides and its native congener in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and the impacts of native herbivores on A. philoxeroides in different season and invasion phase. We will also study the defense mechanisms of A. philoxeroides against herbivores. These studies can evaluate the total effect of different herbivores on A. philoxeroides comprehensively, reveal the mechanisms of aquatic plant invasion, and provide important theoretical basis for control invasive aquatic plant by native herbivores.

英文关键词： aquatic plant; biological invasion ;Alternanthera philoxeroides;herbivory;defense mechanism