超声造影技术中的波束激励控制新方法研究

项目名称： 超声造影技术中的波束激励控制新方法研究

项目编号： No.61471125

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 余锦华

作者单位： 复旦大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 超声造影技术为某些疾病的精确诊断和治疗提供了有利工具，设计适合造影剂微泡特性的波束激励控制方案是超声造影技术中亟待解决的关键问题。现有的波束激励控制方案存在明显问题：成像阶段不能保证微泡稳定性，而在兼顾微泡稳定性情况下又降低了成像质量；治疗阶段不能精准破坏微泡实现药物安全释放。 本项目从理论分析、新特征参数提取、波束激励控制方案设计、仿体实验四个层次，逐层深入设计适合造影剂微泡特性的波束激励控制新方法。项目在理论上研究单个造影剂微泡模型，探讨微泡在声场中的动力学及声学行为；结合单个微泡模型的研究结果，建立包含微泡群及组织的复杂声场模型；在非线性声场中研究微泡/组织产生的非线性回波，获取区分微泡与组织的特征参数；在此基础上设计基于平面波的波束激励控制方法，结合有效的自适应波束形成机制实现高速、高分辨率、高造影剂组织比的超声造影成像；为基于造影剂的给药治疗中精准破坏微泡提供理论和实验依据。

中文关键词： 超声成像；成像原理；成像方法；图像重建

英文摘要： The technology of ultrasound contrast agents provides a valuable means for the precise diagnosis and treatment of some diseases. Designing a beam excitation and control scheme that is appropriate for the properties of the contrast agent microbubbles is an unsolved but crucial issue in the ultrasound contrast agent technique. The current available beam exciation and control schemes manifest obvious problems. In the stage of imaging, current methods can not guarantee the stability of microbubbles. While taking the frangibility of microbubbles into the imaging consideration, the imaging quality is degraded. In the stage of treatment, microbubbles can not be broken precisely and safely for the drug delivering. This project consists of four stages including theory analysis, new feature extraction, beam excitation and control scheme designing, and phantom experiment. A new beam excitation and control scheme suitable for the microbubble properties is finally achieved by going through the four stages one by one. The project theoretically sets up a model for single contrast agent microbubble and studies the dynamic and acoustic behaviour of microbubble in the acoustic field. Based on the research results of the single microbubble model, a complex acoustic field containing microbubble clusters and tissues is then modelled. In the complex nonlinear acoustic field, the nonlinear echoes from microbubbles and tissues are investigated to get the vital features for the separtaion of signals from them. A beam excitation and control scheme incorporating plane wave and the newly founded features is built up. By combining effective and adaptive beam forming algirithm in the plane wave imaging, a novel ultrasound contrast agent imaging method with fast imaging speed, high resolution and high contrast/tissue ratio is finally developed. The project also provides theory and experiment foundations for the precise destruction of microbubbles in the drug delivery based on contrast agents.

英文关键词： ultrasound imaging;imaging theory;imaging method;image reconstruction