醚类燃料氧化特性与爆炸危险性的研究

项目名称： 醚类燃料氧化特性与爆炸危险性的研究

项目编号： No.11462001

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘雄民

作者单位： 广西大学

项目金额： 52万元

中文摘要： 采用密闭压力容器试验、燃烧爆炸试验、加速度量热仪等实验方法跟踪测定二甲醚（DME）、甲基叔丁基醚、乙基叔丁基醚等醚类燃料与氧的自氧化过程和燃烧爆炸过程，研究醚类过氧化物的热分解行为，探索热反应本质和反应不可控条件，构建爆炸危险性的评价方法和实验室爆炸试验方法。研究内容：(1) 醚类化合物的氧化反应动力学；(2) 醚类过氧化物热分解特性、自氧化反应及其爆炸危险性；(3) 醚类过氧化物的自加速分解温度值的计算及其测定；(4)DME水合物燃烧和爆炸危险性评价；(5)醚类燃料与氧气混合物受热、摩擦和冲击时的爆炸危险性评价；(6)醚类化合物结构与氧化反应性、爆炸危险性的关系。研究目标：（1）阐明醚类燃料氧化反应引发快速燃烧、爆炸机理，醚类化合物结构与危险性的关系；（2）构建醚类燃料爆炸危险性评价方法；（3）提出醚类燃料爆炸的实验室试验方法。研究结果为安全生产、储存、使用提供理论和实验评价方法。

中文关键词： 醚类化合物；氧化；爆炸；热分解；安全性

英文摘要： The process of ether fuels and oxygen chemical reaction, autoxidation has been determined by mini closed pressure vessel test, thermal decomposition and combustion explosion test, and the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). Generation process of ether peroxides are discussed. Thermal decomposition behavior of DME,MTBE,ETBE peroxides studied from both theoretically and experimentally, and to explore the character of the thermal reaction and can not control the condition. The project will present the explosion hazard evaluation methods, and laboratory explosion test methods. The main research contents are: (1) oxidation reaction kinetics of ethers and generation process of peroxides; (2) ether peroxide kinetics of thermal decomposition and its explosion inducement; (3) ether peroxide self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) value is calculated and its determination; (4) combustion and explosion hazard evaluation of DME hydrate, (5) explosion risk assessment when ether peroxide, ether and oxygen mixture to heat, friction and impact; ether oxidation induced explosion of laboratory tests and observation，the explosion model and the calculation of the parameters; (6) relationship between ethers structure and oxidation reactivity, explosion risk; The research objectives of this project is as follows: (1)they are elucidated that the explosion mechanism of ether fuels, the relationship between ethers structure and risk；(2) evaluation of ether fuels explosion hazard is created；(3) small laboratory test methods of ether fuel explosion is suggested. The results provide the theoretical and experimental evaluation methods for ether fuels and the safety of the petrochemical industry process.

英文关键词： ether fuels;oxidation;explosion;thermal decomposition;safety