多层次孔结构含氮炭/石墨烯纳米复合材料的合成及其电化学储能机制研究

项目名称： 多层次孔结构含氮炭/石墨烯纳米复合材料的合成及其电化学储能机制研究

项目编号： No.51272113

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 李桂村

作者单位： 青岛科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 含氮多孔炭电极材料兼具双电层物理储能和赝电容化学储能的双重优势，在高能量密度超级电容器方面具有良好的应用前景，然而其石墨化程度低、缺乏多层次孔结构等特点限制了电荷转移和输运的动力学过程。针对目前炭电极材料能量密度和功率密度在高倍率条件下通常迅速衰减的问题，本项目拟通过在聚苯胺、聚吡咯等含氮前驱体中引入氧化石墨的方法构筑多层次孔结构含氮炭/石墨烯纳米复合材料，系统研究含氮炭/石墨烯纳米复合材料的比表面积、多层次孔结构、氮含量和种类、石墨化程度等的调控规律及其对比电容、倍率性能和循环稳定性等电化学储能性能的影响，重点提高炭材料在高倍率条件下的能量密度和功率密度；通过实验和理论计算相结合，揭示含氮炭材料和石墨烯之间的协同效应、多层次孔结构与电荷转移和输运动力学之间的内在联系，阐明含氮炭/石墨烯纳米复合材料的电化学储能机制，为高能量/高功率密度新型炭电极材料的开发和应用提供理论和技术支持。

中文关键词： 含氮碳；石墨烯；纳米复合材料；超级电容器；锂离子电池

英文摘要： Nitrogen-containing porous carbon electrode materials possess the advantages of both electrochemical double layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance, and have potential application in high energy density supercapacitors. However, the charge transfer and transport kinetics is limited by their disadvantages such as low graphitization degree, and lack of hierarchical porous texture, resulting into the rapid decrease of the energy density and power density at high rate capability. In the project, hierarchical porous nitrogen-containing carbon/graphene nanocomposites will be synthesized by introducing graphene oxide into the nitrogen-containing precursors including polyaniline and polypyrrole. The physical properties of nitrogen-containing carbon/graphene nanocomposites, such as specific surface area, hierarchical porous texture, the contents and types of nitrogen element, and graphitization degree, will be controlled. The influences of the physical properties on the electrochemical energy storage performances such specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycle stability, will be investigated. The energy density and power density of carbon electrode materials at high rate should be improved. On the basis of experimental and theoretical results, the intrinsic correlations between the parameters including the synergi

英文关键词： Nitrogen-containing carbon；Graphene；Nanocomposites；Supercapacitors；Lithium ion batteries