元阳梯田景观格局-水生态系统服务在垂直梯度上的变化特征及机理研究

项目名称： 元阳梯田景观格局-水生态系统服务在垂直梯度上的变化特征及机理研究

项目编号： No.41461117

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 郭先华

作者单位： 云南农业大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 生态系统服务对人类的生存与发展具有重要意义。研究景观格局变化对生态系统服务的影响机理，是当前生态学与环境科学研究关注的焦点。本项目以元阳梯田为研究对象,应用GIS和RS技术研究景观格局和生态系统服务在垂直梯度上的变化特征及影响机理。通过高分辨率遥感影像研究元阳梯田全福庄小流域的景观格局，分析森林-村落-梯田-水系的空间结构；其次根据遥感影像和实地调查，对森林景观的群落结构进行分析，研究不同海拔高度、不同群落结构森林的水生态系统服务功能，评价森林景观的水生态系统服务价值；研究元阳梯田稻田生态系统的水源涵养、净化污染物、景观美学、娱乐休闲等水生态系统服务功能的形成机理，进行价值评价；最后研究在垂直梯度上生态系统服务价值对景观格局的响应。本项目对阐明景观格局变化对生态系统服务的影响机理、建立生态系统服务维护机制，具有重要科学意义。研究结果对保护世界遗产红河哈尼梯田文化景观也具有重要实践意义。

中文关键词： 生态系统服务；生态功能评价；地理信息系统；农田生态系统；元阳梯田

英文摘要： Ecosystem services is important for human survival and development. The impact of landscape pattern on ecosystem services is the concerns focus of ecology and environmental science at present. Taking Yuanyang Terraces as a case, this project was carried out on the characteristics and mechanism between landscape pattern and ecosystem services of Yuanyang Terraces on the vertical gradient, using the technique of GIS and RS. First, high-resolution remote sensing images are used to characterize the spatial distribution pattern of forest - water - terrace - village landscape pattern in Quanfuzhuang Watershed of Yuanyang Terraces. Second, community structure forest landscape was analyzed based on remote sensing images and surveys. Water ecosystem services of forest different community structure was analyzed on the different altitudes. And, aquatic ecosystem services value of forest landscape was evaluated. The formation mechanism of water ecosystem services in rice paddy fields was investigated, such as water conservation, pollutant degradation, landscape aesthetics and recreation. The value of ecosystem services was assessed. At last, the response of ecosystem services value to landscape pattern is clarified. The study can play a key role in the explaining clearly the impact of landscape pattern on the ecosystem services, protecting the world cultural landscape heritage of Hani Terraces, maintaining ecosystem services.

英文关键词： ecosystem services;ecological function evaluation;geographic information system;agricultural ecosystems;Yuanyang Terraces