低钾胁迫下玉米自交系叶片抗氧化防护机理研究

项目名称： 低钾胁迫下玉米自交系叶片抗氧化防护机理研究

项目编号： No.31301259

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 赵新华

作者单位： 沈阳农业大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 研究作物低钾胁迫条件下的抗逆性响应机理是解决我国钾矿资源不足、提高作物肥料利用效率、增加作物产量具有重要意义。本项目以经过多年筛选出的典型耐性差异玉米自交系为研究对象，采用大田和水培试验，通过生物化学、分子生物学和生理学方法，系统研究了低钾胁迫下，玉米叶片在解剖结构、光合特性、活性氧代谢、ABA含量、CaMK活性等方面的差异变化，明确其在抗氧化防护中的作用和相互间关系，探明玉米自交系叶片对低钾胁迫的抗氧化响应机理。研究结果将有助于揭示作物对土壤钾素日益减少的响应机理，完善作物营养逆境的响应机制，丰富作物抗逆性育种理论，提高作物产量，为农业可持续发展提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 钾胁迫；玉米；光合作用；活性氧；内源激素

英文摘要： Study on the response mechenism tolerence to potassium deficiency should contribute to relieve the scarce of potassium mineral resource, increase the utilization of fertilizer and improve crop yield. In the present study, the different Maize inbred lines different tolerence to potassium deficiency, which have screened in our previours studies across different years and environments, will be used to analyse the antioxidant defense mechenism under low potassium stress in field and water culture methods. By comparing the difference of ultrastructure of leaves, photosynthetic characters, the metabolization of reactive oxygen species, ABA content, CaMK activity under low potassium stress, the antioxygen defense mechenism will be identified in biochemistry, molecular biology and physiology methods. The main aims of this study are to clear the antioxygen defense mechenism of Maize tolerance to potassium deficiency, to identify the relations among antionxigen defense enzyme, ABA content and CaMK activity under low potassium stress. This study should help us to explain the physiology mechenism of crop responsing the potassium deficiency in the field, to develop the reponse mechenism for crop under nutrition deficieny, and to improve the crop breeding method under enviroment stresses. Also, this study may beneficial for

英文关键词： Potassium deficiency；Maize；photosynthesis；ROS；endogenous hormone