水稻高产株型和籽粒形成的遗传调控网络解析

项目名称： 水稻高产株型和籽粒形成的遗传调控网络解析

项目编号： No.91335111

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 朱祯

作者单位： 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

项目金额： 100万元

中文摘要： 水稻是我国重要的粮食作物，对株型发育和籽粒形成等主要农艺性状基因调控网络进行解析，对作物超高产育种有重要意义。本研究拟通过新一代高通量测序技术对超级杂交稻及其父母本进行比较转录组学分析。首先，通过比对找出差异表达基因（DG），经GO和KEGG数据库分析找出DG显著富集的代谢途径。通过比对GRAMENE数据库水稻QTL基因组坐标，将DG共定位相应的QTL小区间。针对株型发育和籽粒形成等重要农艺性状基因进行排查，并对相关的基因表达调控网络进行解析。结合DG的代谢途径分布和QTL的定位结果，进一步鉴定和挖掘相关关键基因和调控因子，并验证基因功能。本研究在基因组水平、通过多种途径对相关基因调控网络进行解析，为有目的调控这些网络奠定了基础，同时也为水稻和其他作物的超高产育种提供了理论指导。

中文关键词： 杂交稻；农艺性状；调控网络；数量性状基因座；转录组学

英文摘要： Rice is an important food crop in China. The study of gene regulatory network involving agronomic traits of rice, such as plant architecture development and grain formation, will be significant for guiding crop breeding for high yield. This project intended to compare the transcriptome profiles of the super hybrid rice with its parents via high-throughput sequencing technology. First, differentially expressed genes (DGs) are identified after comparisons and metabolic pathways that DGs significantly enriched in are found by the GO and KEGG database analysis. DGs are then mapped to yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) in small intervals of the rice genome by using GRAMENE database. The key genes controlling agronomic traits are analyzed and the gene regulatory network in the hybrid combination will be elucidated. Combined with the distribution of DGs in metabolism pathway and QTL, the research further identifies key genes and regulation factors and analyzes their functions. The research surveys gene regulatory network for the rice agronomic traits at genome-wide level by a variety of ways, establishing a novel strategy for regulating these network. Meanwhile, it provides a theoretical guidance for high-yield breeding of rice and other crops.

英文关键词： hybrid rice；agronomic traits；regulatory network；QTL；transcriptomics