稀散元素离子液体的合成及其催化性能研究

项目名称： 稀散元素离子液体的合成及其催化性能研究

项目编号： No.21471073

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 臧树良

作者单位： 辽宁大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 本项目在前期制备铼离子液体获得成功，并将其应用于烯烃环氧化催化体系取得满意效果的基础上，分别以七种稀散元素（镓，铟，铊，锗，硒，碲，铼）的化合物为阴离子，分别以烷基咪唑，烷基吡啶，烷基铵等为阳离子，采用直接合成法或酸碱中和法合成系列稀散元素离子液体。通过核磁，DSC，拉曼光谱等手段对其组成，结构进行表征，测算其密度，表面张力，粘度，晶格能等基础物理化学性质。并将其分别应用于付氏烷基化，硝基还原，汽油脱硫以及烯烃选择性氧化体系中，评价稀散元素离子液体催化反应体系的可行性，考察最佳反应条件，研究该催化体系的循环利用方法，探究离子液体催化体系中离子迁移过程，确定催化反应机制，揭示离子液体催化反应规律。本研究可克服传统催化体系存在的难于回收，副产品多等弊端，实现了绿色化学的理念，有利于加深对离子液体作为绿色溶剂的认识，丰富稀散元素化学的研究内容，对于稀散元素化学及绿色化学有着重要的理论及现实意义。

中文关键词： 稀散元素；离子液体；设计合成；催化性能

英文摘要： On the basis of our previous investigation on synthesis of rhenium ionic liquids and its application in olefin epoxidation, in this project, we want to synthesize rare-scattered element ionic liquids with cations as: dialkylimidazolium, alkylpyridinium etc., anions as rare-scattered elements: gallium,indium,thallium,germanium,selenium,tellurium, and rhenium. All the ionic liquids were characterized by 1HNMR, DSC and Raman spectrum, which confirmed their structures. The density, surface tension, viscosity and other properties were also determined. The ionic liquids were applied in some classical catalysis system, such as alkylation, nitro group reduction，desulfurization and Selective oxidation. The basic rule and reaction condition were investigated respectively. The recycled method and catalysis mechanism in the catalysis systems were also discussed, which could discover the catalysis rules in ionic liquids systems. This research will solve the problems in old systems, which perfects the catalysis system. It has great importance for rare-scattered element chemistry and green chemistry. It will enlarge our knowledge on ionic liquids as green solvents, and will extend the contents of rare-scattered element chemistry, which supports the academic basis of research on application of rare-scattered elements compounds.

英文关键词： rare and scattered element;ionic liquid;synthesis;catalysis