昆明海口寒武系第三阶玉案山段小碳化石精细形态解剖

项目名称： 昆明海口寒武系第三阶玉案山段小碳化石精细形态解剖

项目编号： No.41502016

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 魏凡

作者单位： 云南大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 小碳化石是一类微小有机质薄膜化石的统称，自元古宇以来的沉积地层中均有记录。它们在寒武系布尔吉斯页岩型地层中丰度高，形态多样,表现为特异埋藏的多门类后生生物原生，不易腐解的组织或器官的有机质外表皮。滇东筇竹寺组玉案山段澄江生物群为典型布尔吉斯页岩型特异埋藏化石群，对该地层中的小碳化石，至今没有学者研究。本项目借助于酸解法，以玉案山段小碳化石为研究对象，通过对其精细结构的观察和剖析，试图更清晰地还原滇东寒武纪第三期多门类后生生物组织或器官的解剖构型，并通过形态功能分析，阐明生命早期后生生物的进食方式等生态习性及其演化历程。

中文关键词： 小碳化石；玉案山段；形态学；寒武纪；滇东

英文摘要： Small carbonaceous fossils are a special group of organic membrane fossils in minute dimension. They are abundant and diversified throughout the Phanerozoic. In Cambrian Burgess Shale-type preservation, numerous small carbonaceous fossils were diagnosed as exceptionally preserved original, relatively recalcitrant extra cuticles of diversified organisms apparatus. Until now, no examination has been done on these tiny fossils from the Cambrian Stage 3 in eastern Yunnan where the Chengjiang biota occurred. Based on attentive and constant observation on small carbonaceous fossils in the Yu’anshan Member, assisted by a gentle hydrofluoric acid maceration technique, this project aims to (1) observe all exquisite small carbonaceous fossils acquired from the Yu’anshan Member in Haikou, eastern Yunnan, diagnose what apparatus they are and which organism they belong to, respectively; (2) in the light of function analysis, verify ecological characteristics, such as feeding habits, of the organism in the Cambrian Stage 3, and illuminate their influences on metazoan evolution of early life.

英文关键词： small carbonaceous fossils;Yu' anshan Member;morphology;Cambrian;eastern Yunnan