不锈钢低熔点元素微合金化机理与偏析行为控制技术

项目名称： 不锈钢低熔点元素微合金化机理与偏析行为控制技术

项目编号： No.51271050

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 刘振宇

作者单位： 东北大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 镍和铬资源匮乏导致我国不锈钢产业面临着难以持续发展的困境，开发资源节约型高性能产品是当前最为紧迫的任务。研究发现，在不锈钢中添加低熔点元素（Low-melting point elements－LMPE）如Sn等可大幅提高耐蚀性，降低铬含量达2－5wt％，展现了良好的前景。但LMPE对钢材高温和室温力学性能均会造成破坏性影响，合理微合金化即不破坏其力学性能又可有效提高耐蚀性，是此项技术能否成功的关键，目前国际国内还没有就此开展详细研究。在本项目中，首先要阐明典型铁素体和奥氏体不锈钢（如430和304）LMPE微合金化的作用机理，提出合理的不锈钢LMPE微合金化设计原则；其次，探索出控制不锈钢中LMPE偏析行为的新技术，改变中心偏析状态并促进表面逆偏析，以充分发挥其提高耐蚀性的作用并消除对力学性能的破坏性影响；最终，为现场实际生产LMPE微合金化不锈钢产品提供理论和实验支撑。

中文关键词： 不锈钢；低熔点元素；微合金化；析氢反应；

英文摘要： Lacking of nickel and chromium resources is leading China's stainless steel industries to being non-sustainable. Therefore, development of resource-saving and high performance products has become the most urgent task to at the present time. The most recent result has pointed out that addition of low melting point element (LMPE) such as tin can greatly improve the corrosion resistance, which can potentially reduce chroumum content by 2-5wt%, showing promising applications. However, LMPE can be deteriating to the mechanical properties at both high and room temperatures. Therefore, the optimized microalloying, which is able to improve the corrosion resistance but not deterioating mechanical performances, is believed to be the key point for the successful application of this technology. However, no systematic investigation has been carried out. In order to resolve these problems, in the present project, the mechanisms of LMPE microalloying for typical stainless steels such as 430 ferritic stainless steel and 304 austenitic stainless steel will be clarified. The newest technologies to control LMPE segregation will be explored to change the segregation behavior from centre segregation to inversed surface segregation for further improvement of corrosion resistance. Finally, theoretical and experimental data wil

英文关键词： Stainless steels；Low melt point elements；microalloying；hydrogen evolution reaction；