高效率上/下转换核-壳纳米晶的制备及在光伏发电中的应用

项目名称： 高效率上/下转换核-壳纳米晶的制备及在光伏发电中的应用

项目编号： No.11304402

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 钱艳楠

作者单位： 中山大学

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 太阳能电池是光伏发电的关键元件，可将太阳光能直接转换为电能，是能源领域中的研究热点。由于半导体材料能隙的限制，太阳能电池只能吸收可见太阳光，大大地降低了光-电转换效率。本项目拟制备一系列高效率上/下转换核-壳纳米晶。利用稀土离子的上/下转换技术将紫外光和近红外太阳光转换为可被吸收的可见光。采用核-壳结构，在核层上/下转换纳米晶表面包覆一层或多层不同稀土离子掺杂的纳米晶，将上转换和下转换发光层结合于一体，制备全光光谱光-光转换层。通过不同壳层间稀土离子的能量传递过程获得高效率的上/下转换发光。上/下转换核-壳纳米晶应用于太阳能电池中将提高电池的光-电转换效率并简化电池结构。利用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和稳态发射光谱等对样品进行形貌表征，分析小尺寸和表面效应对光学性能的影响。测试具有上/下转换核-壳纳米晶的太阳能电池的内/外量子效率。

中文关键词： 上/下转换发光；七铝酸十二钙；铌酸锂；太阳能电池；稀土离子

英文摘要： Solar cell has garnered a tremendous amount of attention in the field of energy, since it is a key component of photovoltaic power generation, and it can convert directly the sunlight into electric energy. However, due to the limitation of band gap in semiconductor material, solar cells absorb only the visible sunlight, and the photoelectric efficiency is reduced largely. A series of core-shell nanocrystals with the efficient up/down-conversion is prepared. Rare-earth ion can convert the ultraviolet and near infrared sunlight into the visible light absorbed by solar cell through upconversion and downconversion methods. The core-shell structure is used to prepare the optical-optical converter in the full spectrum. The behavior that one or more nanocrystals doped with the different rare-earth ions are loaded on a up/down-conversion nanocrystal in core could result in the combination of up-converter and down-converter. Highly efficient up/down-conversion could be obtained through the energy transition processes between rare-earth ions. Up/down-conversion core-shell nanocrystals will increase the photoelectric efficiency of solar cell and make the structure simple. TEM,SEM and steady state emission spectrum are used to characterize the pattern of samples and understand the effect of small size and surface on the opt

英文关键词： Up/down conversion luminescece；C12A7；LiNbO3；Solar Cell；Rare-earth ion