解离型PPCPs在壳聚糖荷电纳滤膜中的去除机制

项目名称： 解离型PPCPs在壳聚糖荷电纳滤膜中的去除机制

项目编号： No.51208259

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 黄中华

作者单位： 南京理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 药物和个人护理用品 (PPCPs) 这类普遍存在于地表（下）水及污水处理厂二级出水的新型痕量污染物，已成为当前饮用水源水安全的潜在威胁。本项目旨在发展荷正电纳滤膜技术用于解离型PPCPs的分离去除。壳聚糖分子中糖苷键的半缩醛结构使其具有良好的吸附性、成膜性和通透性，拟对其具有的活性孤对电子基团进行季铵化接枝改性，采用涂覆-交联-原位相转化法制备非水溶性的季铵化壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜，并将其用于分离环境水体中的痕量-微量解离型PPCPs。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜和原子力显微镜手段对膜微观结构形态进行观测，通过对膜流动电位，孔径分布、水通量，溶胀度，力学强度和截留率等参数测定研究膜的分离性能和稳定性能，在考察PPCPs分子结构、荷电性、水中溶解性有机物等影响因素的基础上，阐明壳聚糖荷正电纳滤膜对解离型PPCPs的筛分和静电分离机制，为PPCPs这类新型痕量污染物的深度处理提供新的思路和理论支撑。

中文关键词： PPCPs；纳滤膜；壳聚糖；；

英文摘要： Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are widespread in the surface water,groundwater and the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plant. These emerging trace contaminants have become the potential menace to current drinking-water sources. This project aims to develop positively charged nanofiltration membrane technology for the removal of ionized PPCPs. The hemiacetal structure of glycosidic bonds of chitosan molecule make it possess good adsorbability, film forming and permeability, so a quaternary ammonium salt grafting modification of chitosan was conducted to the active groups with lone pair electrons. The water-insoluble quaternary ammonium salt chitosan positively charged nanofiltration membrane was prepared using coating-crosslinking- in situ phase inversion method, and it will be used to separate the trace ionized PPCPs from bodies of water. The membrane microstructures were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The separation properties and stable performance were measured by streaming potential, the pore size distribution, water flux, rejection, water uptake and mechanical strength. Additional，the positively charged nanofiltration membrane was used to further study the screening and electrostatic

英文关键词： PPCPs；Nanofiltration membrane；Chitosan；；