铜纳米材料的控制合成与催化性质研究及在催化Ullmann 类型偶联反应的应用

项目名称： 铜纳米材料的控制合成与催化性质研究及在催化Ullmann 类型偶联反应的应用

项目编号： No.21501197

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无机化学

项目作者： 李振兴

作者单位： 中国石油大学（北京）

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 金属纳米材料由于具有独特的催化、光学及磁学等性质，在催化、吸附、抗菌及电化学等方面有着巨大的应用价值。与贵金属相比，铜作为一种相对廉价的过渡金属可以替代贵金属拥有众多的潜在的应用。铜系纳米材料因其原料低廉的价格、稳定的性能及所展现出的特殊物理化学性质，在催化、电子等领域都有着广泛的应用，但是对于铜纳米材料的可控合成及其催化性能的系统研究还很少报道。本项目将研究铜纳米晶的结构及组成控制合成及其结构、形貌依赖的异相催化性质。开展铜纳米材料形貌控制的合成工作，提出可行的纳米颗粒生长机理，并结合催化性质和相应的表征手段，揭示和明确催化反应中催化剂的构效关系，进而优化纳米催化剂的结构和性能。将得到的不同形貌的铜纳米颗粒作为催化剂，应用到Ullmann 类型偶联反应中，发展一种简单、高效、环境友好的铜纳米材料催化的Ullmann 类型偶联反应。为基于金属纳米材料的类均相催化体系的开发打下基础。

中文关键词： 铜纳米材料；控制合成；生长机理；催化性质；Ullmann；偶联反应

英文摘要： Metal nanomaterials have great application value in the field of catalysis, adsorption, antibacterial materials, and electrochemistry due to its unique physical and chemical properties with the quantum confinement effect. Compared with a noble metal, copper, as a low-cost transition metal, can replace the noble metal in many potential applications due to its good performance. Copper nanomaterials, in particular, is a promising novel metal nanomaterials alternative for catalysis and electronics due to its low price and high conductivity. However, controllable synthesis and catalytic properties of copper nanomaterials are rarely reported. We seek support of this project for our exploration on the structure and composition controlled synthesis of copper nanocrystals and their catalytic properties towards heterogeneous catalysis. This research proposal synthesizes morphology tunable copper nanocrystals via solvothermal methods, propose the growth mechanism of nanoparticles, and reveal their structure dependent catalytic properties in several important reactions based on characterization techniques. Copper nanoparticles with different morphologies, as a catalyst, will be applied to the Ullmann-type coupling reaction, to provide a new and useful method for the synthesis of academic research and industrial production. This research develops a simple, high-efficient, and environmentally-friendly catalytic copper nanomaterials-catalysed Ullmann-type coupling reaction. The overall purpose is to deepen the understanding of the interactions between nanomaterials and the organic reactants in homogeneous-like heterogeneous catalysis.

英文关键词： copper nanomaterials ;controllable syntheses;growth mechanism;catalytic properties;Ullmann coupling reactions