项目名称: 重金属污染物在纳米电化学体系中转化规律的同步辐射XAFS研究
项目编号: No.U1532123
项目类型: 联合基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 黄行九
作者单位: 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院
项目金额: 54万元
中文摘要: 重金属污染物在水体环境中涉及多种赋存形态,纳米电化学是环境中重金属污染物赋存形态分析的重要研究方向之一,然而重金属污染物在纳米电化学电极界面上的转化规律还不明确,有待深入研究。本项目将利用同步辐射大科学装置中X射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)技术、纳米技术、实验电分析化学技术以及计算电化学技术等多种技术融合,通过对境中典型重金属污染物(铅、汞、镉、铬和类金属砷等)在纳米电化学系统中纳米电化学界面问题的原位XAFS研究,分析典型重金属污染物在纳米电化学电极上的价态、配位及形态转换规律;通过关联电化学信号与XAFS数据信息,建立对应的纳米电化学电极的扩散及电子转移等电极过程动力学模型;同时,结合第一性原理和多重散射计算等理论计算方法,从原子、分子层面理解纳米电化学中的纳米效应,本项目的研究成果将为重金属污染物的纳米电化学分析提供理论基础与技术支撑。
中文关键词: X射线吸收精细结构技术;纳米电化学;重金属离子污染;水环境;理论模拟
英文摘要: Nanoelectrochemistry is one of the important research fields in analysis and treatment of heavy metal ion pollution in the environment. Especially, the redox rules of heavy metal pollutants in the nanoelectrochemistry remain unclear. Integrating with X-ray Absorption Fine Structure technology (XAFS, a Synchrotron Radiation Facility), nanotechnology, experimental electroanalysis technology and computational electrochemical technology and other advanced technologies, this project will in-situ research the nanoelectrochemical interfaces of typical heavy metal pollutants (lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, etc.) in nanoelectrochemical system, and analyze the valence, coordination and redox rule of typical heavy metal pollutants on the nanoelectrode. The corresponding kinetics model of the electrode process will be established, such as diffusion and electron transfer of nanoelectrode by associating electrochemical signal and XAFS data; The nano effect of nanoelectrochemistry in atomic, molecular level will be understood through combination of the first principle and the calculation of multiple scattering calculation and other calculation methods. This project has an important scientific significance to the development of environmental electrochemistry.
英文关键词: XAFS;nano-electrochemistry;heavy metal ion pollution;water environment;theoretical simulation