30 K温区大功率高频回热制冷机理研究

项目名称： 30 K温区大功率高频回热制冷机理研究

项目编号： No.51276156

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 孙大明

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 大功率高频脉管制冷方法是高温超导发电机和电动机等强磁场高温超导装置冷却的理想选择，高频交变流动条件下的大功率回热制冷机理研究可望大大提高大功率高频脉管制冷机在30 K及以下温区的效率和可靠性。本课题以进一步提高大功率高频脉管制冷机在30 K温区的性能为目标，研究回热器内焓流、熵流、声功流的大小和相互作用关系，探究回热器内不可逆损失的根源，寻找提高回热效率的有效途径；揭示大功率高频低温回热器声流不稳定的发生机理；研究级间耦合方式对回热器级间气体质量分配和能量转化与分配的影响规律，探索新型的大功率高频脉管制冷机结构型式；研究大功率低温制冷机的冷量引出方式和表征方法，探究大功率高频脉管制冷机回热器冷端换热器的最优结构；研究新型的相位调节方式，探索高效回收大功率高频脉管制冷机进入脉冲管内声功的方法，有效提高制冷机系统的效率。为30 K温区高效、可靠大功率高频脉管制冷机的实用化奠定理论和实验基础。

中文关键词： 低温；制冷；大功率；回热器；热声

英文摘要： High-power high-frequency pulse tube refrigeration is an ideal choice for cooling the high magnetic field HTS devices, such as HTS generators and motors, etc. The study of the operating mechanism of the high-power regenerative refrigeration with high-frequency oscillating flow can greatly improve the efficiency and reliability of the high-power high-frequency pulse tube cryocoolers at 30 K or below. This project is aimed at further improving the performance of the high-power high-frequency pulse tube cryocoolers in the temperature range of 30 K. The magnitudes and relationships of enthalpy flow, entropy flow, and acoustic power flow will be studied to explore the sources of the irreversible losses and the mechanisms of the internal acoustic streaming instability in high-power cryogenic regenerators, and finally find an effective way to improve the regenerative efficiency. The effects of the interstage coupling modes on the interstage gas mass flow distribution, and energy conversion and distribution will be studied to explore novel structures of high-power high-frequency pulse tube cryocoolers. The extraction methods and characterization of the cooling power of the high-power cryocoolers will be studied, and efforts will be put to explore the optimal structure of the cold end heat exchanger for the regenerator o

英文关键词： cryogenics；refrigeration；high power；regenerator；thermoacoustic