基于富勒烯（C60）n-型和小分子p-型有机半导体的聚合物太阳能电池的构筑和性能研究

项目名称： 基于富勒烯（C60）n-型和小分子p-型有机半导体的聚合物太阳能电池的构筑和性能研究

项目编号： No.61474124

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 李洪光

作者单位： 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所

项目金额： 76万元

中文摘要： 聚合物太阳能电池因其有望对太阳能实现绿色环保、高效利用而成为清洁能源领域一颗闪耀的新星，而提高其光电转换效率、改善其生产工艺一直是研究的重点。本项目从半导体分子的设计出发，制备一系列多相态基于富勒烯（C60）的n-型有机半导体和具有推-拉电子结构的小分子p-型有机半导体；调节其分子结构，实现两种半导体的有效共混，以此构筑混合p/n异质结聚合物太阳能电池；理清电池有效层中n-型和p-型有机半导体的混合比例、厚度、以及退火温度与时间对电池性能的影响规律，探索有机半导体相态、电池有效层自组装结构、电池光电转换效率三者之间的依存关系及互馈机制；筛选出具有优异光电转换性能的液态有机半导体共混体系，开发聚合物太阳能电池的无溶剂构筑方法。 本项目旨在从半导体分子结构和电池有效层自组装结构两方面改进聚合物太阳能电池的光电转换效率并改善其生产工艺，为其实现工业化生产提供材料基础和技术保障。

中文关键词： 聚合物太阳能电池；富勒烯；n-型有机半导体；p-型有机半导体；相态

英文摘要： Polymer solar cells have become a rising star in the research area of clean energy due to their potential for the efficient and clean usage of the solar energy. A key issue in the study of polymer solar cells is the improvement of their power conversion efficiency and the manufacturing technique. Here, based on careful molecular design, we will prepare a series of fullerene (C60)-based n-type semiconductors which show a variety of phase states (crystals, liquid crystals, amorphous, liquids) and small molecule p-type semiconductors which have a donor-acceptor structure. By adjusting the molecular structures, well-blended n-type and p-type semiconductors can be obtained, which are then used for the fabrication of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells. Dependence of solar cell performance on the mixing ratio of the n-type and p-type semiconductors in the active layer, the film thickness of the two semiconductors, as well as the temperature and time of the quenching process will be clarified. The relationship and mutual feedback among the phase state of the organic semiconductors, the self-assembled structures and the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell will be explored. Finally, liquid semiconductor mixtures will be sorted out as solvent-free inks for the development of new manufacturing technique of the polymer solar cells. This project aims to improve the power conversion efficiency and to optimize the manufacturing technique of the polymer solar cells through adjustment of the molecular structure and the self-assembled architectures of the organic semiconductors, and finally to provide ideal materials and technical support for their large-scale production.

英文关键词： polymer solar cell;fullerene;n-type organic semiconductor;p-type organic semiconductor;phase state