具有可调控双金属纳米晶内核的夹心二氧化硅球的合成与催化性能研究

项目名称： 具有可调控双金属纳米晶内核的夹心二氧化硅球的合成与催化性能研究

项目编号： No.51202260

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无机非金属材料学科

项目作者： 谭龙飞

作者单位： 中国科学院理化技术研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 为获得高活性、选择性和稳定性的纳米催化剂,本项目首创构建一种具有双金属纳米晶内核的夹心二氧化硅球。夹心二氧化硅球的介孔壳层和中空结构可以允许催化反应中的反应分子进入球内,并到达双金属纳米晶内核表面，同时介孔壳层可防止内核的团聚，使这种含双金属纳米晶内核的夹心二氧化硅球具有高催化活性和稳定性。另外，通过调节双金属纳米晶的尺寸、形貌、组成和结构，利用双金属的协同作用,可获得比单组分金属更高的催化活性和选择性。进一步系统研究双金属纳米晶内核和夹心二氧化硅球的纳米结构与催化性能的作用机制，为设计合成实用、高效纳米催化剂提供理论依据。本项目创新提出新型"先壳后核"的策略，发展一种简单、高效、普适性强且易规模化生产的制备方法，制备出活性高、选择性好和稳定性佳的纳米催化剂，有望为纳米催化的发展带来新的突破，必将具有广阔的应用前景。

中文关键词： 夹心二氧化硅；中空；介孔；双金属纳米晶；催化应用

英文摘要： To obtain the nano-catalysts with high activity, selectivity and stability, this project build a rattle-type silica dioxide sphere with bimetallic nanocrystal core. The mesoporous shell and hollow structure of the rattle-type silica dioxide sphere allows reactive molecules of catalytic reaction to go into the sphere and reach the surface of the bimetallic nanocrystal core, and the mesoporous shell prevents the aggregation of the inner cores, which make these rattle-type silica dioxide spheres with bimetallic nanocrystal cores have high catalytic activity and stability. In addition, by adjusting the size, morphology, composition and structure of bimetallic core and using the joint effect of two-component metals, higher catalytic activity and selectivity can be obtained than single-component metal. Further systematic investigation of the action mechanisms between the nano-structure of bimetallic nanocrystal core, rattle-type silica dioxide sphere and the catalytic properties, can provide a theoretical basis to design and synthesis the practical and efficient nano-catalysts. This project provides a novel "preshell/postcore" strategy, develops a simple, efficient, universal and easy to scale up preparation method, and fabricates nano-catalysts with high activity, good selectivity and good stability, which is expecte

英文关键词： Rattle-type Silica Dioxide；Hollow；Mesoporous；Bimetallic Nanocrystal；Catalytic Application