基于极端环境无线传感器网络观测平台的极区冰架/冰盖运动变化监测研究

项目名称： 基于极端环境无线传感器网络观测平台的极区冰架/冰盖运动变化监测研究

项目编号： No.41476161

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 海洋科学

项目作者： 李秀红

作者单位： 北京师范大学

项目金额： 95万元

中文摘要： 极区环境十分恶劣，人类能够到达并长期居留区域甚少，卫星遥感成为连续大范围监测南极冰架运动重要手段。利用卫星遥感可以获取大范围的冰架运动学相关参数，但所获得参数的可靠性由于缺乏地面验证而受到了制约。受卫星重返周期的限制，高频率的连续监测还无法实现。地面无线传感器网络技术是传统遥感一个新的生长点，其所采集的高频率连续观测数据能够验证卫星遥感数据，还能减轻科考人员在恶劣环境下的工作强度，使得构建空天地一体化的监测网络成为可能。本项目计划研究面向南极冰架运动自动监测的无线传感器网络技术，在已有极端环境无线传感器网络观测平台基础上，集成智能的冰架/冰盖连续自动监测系统，进一步研究低温供电、能源获取和远程通讯等问题；研究将该平台获取的连续、长时间序列的数据与大面积瞬时观测的多源卫星遥感数据的相结合，提升卫星遥感的反演精度和可靠性，提升对冰架复杂变化过程的理解。为进一步深入研究全球气候变化提供更多依据。

中文关键词： 全球定位系统；全球变化；卫星遥感；极端环境无线传感器网络观测平台

英文摘要： The Antarctic environment is very bad; human beings can reach the region and long-term residents rarely. Satellite remote sensing has become an important means of continuous large-scale monitoring of the movement of the Antarctic ice shelves. Using of satellite remote sensing can obtain a wide range of relevant parameters of the ice shelf kinematics, but the reliability of the obtained parameters has been constrained by the lack of ground verification. The continuous monitoring of high frequency can't be achieved with the satellite recycle limit. Terrestrial wireless sensor network technology is a new growth point of traditional remote sensing, its acquisition of high-frequency continuous observation data can validate satellite remote sensing data, reduce the intensity of the work of the researchers in harsh environment and make it possible to build space-air-ground integrated monitoring network. The project plans for the research of wireless sensor network technology for automatic monitoring of the Antarctic ice shelf movement; building intelligent GPS continuous automatic monitoring system on the basis of existing wireless sensor networks observation platform in polar environments; further study of the low-temperature power supply, energy access and remote communication; combining continuous, long time series of data obtained by the platform with the instantaneous observation of a large area of multi-source remote sensing data, which can enhance the retrieval accuracy, reliability of satellite remote sensing and the understanding of the complex process of change on the ice shelf.

英文关键词： GPS;global change;satellite remote sensing;the extreme environment wireless sensor network platform