低温胁迫下甘蓝型油菜种子萌发出苗的生化反应及调控机制研究

项目名称： 低温胁迫下甘蓝型油菜种子萌发出苗的生化反应及调控机制研究

项目编号： No.31301268

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 徐正华

作者单位： 华中农业大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 随着农村劳动力转移、节本简化栽培需求及机械化种植的发展，油菜直播面积在迅速扩大。但长江流域多熟制种植模式使得大面积油菜播种期不得不推迟到10月下旬以后，季节性低温气候成为了油菜种子萌发出苗的直接障碍。本研究拟采用200份材料进行低温萌发试验,鉴定不同品种的抗性类型；确定不同抗性品种萌发出苗的温度阈值及形态指标参数，构建油菜种子萌发出苗耐低温评价体系；提出低温下油菜萌发出苗的生化指标变化规律及代谢调控的可能途径；采用基于RNA-Seq的方法进行基因表达差异研究，筛选出与油菜耐低温相关的基因。从形态、生化及分子三个水平结合，综合分析低温胁迫对油菜种子萌发出苗的影响机制。同时通过油菜种子萌发耐低温形态生理评价体系，筛选可用于生产的耐低温品种，提出适宜的农艺调控措施，实现迟播低温条件下油菜健壮出苗与生长。本研究对于稳定长江流域油菜种植面积，促进南方冬闲田开发利用，保障我国食用油安全具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 甘蓝型油菜；低温胁迫；种子萌发出苗；生理生化；分子机制

英文摘要： With the transfer of rural labor, the development of the section of simplified cultivation demand and mechanized planting, live rapeseed area expanded rapidly.But the multiple cropping cropping patterns in the Yangtze River Basin makes a large area of rapeseed sowing date had to be postponed to late October, seasonal cryogenic climate became a direct obstacle to the rape seed germination emergence. In this study, the proposed 200 materials for low temperature germination tests identified the different varieties resistant type；Determine the different resistance varieties germination emergence temperature threshold and morphological indicators parameters，and build low temperature resistant oilseed rape seed germination emergence evaluation system；Proposed physiological and biochemical indexes variation and metabolism possible way of rapeseed germination and seedling emergence during low temperature stress; Screen low temperature resistance genes related to rape based on the method of RNA-Seq gene expression differences research； Comprehensive analysis of low temperature stress on the influence of the rape seed germination emergence mechanism from the form, biochemical and molecular three level combination；Screen low temperature resistant varieties can be used in the production，put forward appropriate agronomic con

英文关键词： Brassica napus L.；low temperature stress；seed germination and seedling growth；physiological-biochemical；molecular response