功能化离子液体膜材料设计及分离CO2的调控机制

项目名称： 功能化离子液体膜材料设计及分离CO2的调控机制

项目编号： No.21506219

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 曾少娟

作者单位： 中国科学院过程工程研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 开发低能耗CO2捕集技术是当前解决温室效应的重要途径。针对目前离子液体支撑液膜稳定性差和聚离子液体膜分离性能较低等难题，本项目基于离子液体良好的CO2分离性能和结构可调等优势，提出功能化离子液体调控共混膜材料结构和性能的新思路。采用实验表征与模拟计算结合的方法，设计合成具有特殊功能基团、物化性质稳定、环境友好的新型吡啶类离子液体，进一步制备出离子液体-聚合物共混膜，实现CO2高效和低能耗分离。重点研究离子液体阴阳离子结构、功能基团、相互作用及离子液体含量对共混膜的微观结构和性能的影响，获得离子液体结构与膜分离性能的内在关系；研究离子液体-聚合物相容性、制膜温度和溶剂等对膜制备过程及膜结构性能的影响，获得共混膜结构对分离渗透性、选择性及稳定性的调控机制和气体渗透分离机理。本研究将为高渗透性、高选择性和高稳定性离子液体共混膜材料的设计及分离气体技术的工业化应用提供重要的理论基础。

中文关键词： 离子液体；膜；CO2分离；渗透性；选择性

英文摘要： Developing lower energy consumption CO2 capture process is one of the feasible routes to resolve the global warming problem. In recent years, capturing CO2 with ionic liquids (ILs) is believed as one of the effective methods, but the higher viscosity and costs of ILs limit to a great extent their industrial applications. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, IL membrane technology has been developed due to great potential as an energy-efficient and environment-friendly CO2 separation option. In view of low stability of supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) and low separation performances of polymerized ionic liquid membranes (PILMs), functionalized IL-polymer mixed membranes are proposed to realize both high CO2 separation performances and good stablity. By a combination of simulation caculations and experimental methods, a series of novel functionalized pyridinium-based ILs with excellent absorption performances, high thermal stability, lower cost and toxicity, higher biodegradability will be designed and synthesized to prepare the IL-polymer mixed membranes. The influence of structure of ILs, cluster, hydrogen bond and the content of ILs on the microstructures and properties of membranes will be systematically investigated, and the relationship between the structures of ILs and separation performances of mixed membranes will be obtained. Furthermore, the effect of the preparation conditions such as the content of polymers, the solvents and solvent evaporation termperature will be also studied. The mechanisms of structure regulation on separation permeability, selectivity and stability of mixed membranes and the interaction between gas molecules (such as CO2, CH4 and N2) and membranes will be given. This project will provide theoretical and technical basis for the design of IL-polymer mixed membranes with high performances and their industrial applications for CO2 separation.

英文关键词： Ionic liquids;membranes;CO2 separation;permeability;selectivity