基于新疆中低品位膨润土的重金属吸附复合材料开发及性能研究

项目名称： 基于新疆中低品位膨润土的重金属吸附复合材料开发及性能研究

项目编号： No.U1403295

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 王传义

作者单位： 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所

项目金额： 215万元

中文摘要： 新疆膨润土矿产资源非常丰富，但目前仍处于低层次开发利用阶段。本项目拟通过对新疆中低品位膨润土矿的提纯、钙基土的钠化改型及钠基土的有机化改性，提高其应用价值；借助插层、复合技术，设计、开发出系列对四种常见重金属离子（Pb(II)、Cd(II)、Cu(II)和Hg(II））具有优异吸附性能和快速响应特性的功能化复合泡沫和复合膜材料。考察膨润土改性、改型方法及环境因素（pH、温度等）对复合材料重金属离子吸附性能的影响；借助原位显微光谱、电子能谱等分析手段及分子动力学模拟，研究材料复合机理及其对重金属离子的吸附和快速响应机制，揭示复合材料的微观结构与其重金属吸附性能之间的关系。在此基础上，通过模拟实验评价复合材料在水体重金属污染治理中的有效性。本项目的成功实施，将开发出高附加值的膨润土基环境功能材料，提升膨润土应用的广度和深度，促进新疆膨润土资源优势转化；同时为我国水体重金属污染治理提供技术支撑。

中文关键词： 膨润土；复合；重金属；吸附；微观机制

英文摘要： Xinjiang is rich in bentonite natural mineral resource, but development and utilization of this type of resource remains in a relatively low level stage. The objective of this project is to develop a series of bentonite-based composite foams/membranes for effective removal of Hg(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) heavy metal ions in aqueous environment by adsorption with excellent fast response. The main modification processes with low-grade sodium bentonite involve soil purification, calcium-based soil organic modification, and the intercalation composite technology. Taking advantage of in situ micro-spectroscopy and photo-electron spectroscopy techniques in conjunction with molecular dynamic simulation, the mechanism for the formation of bentonite-based composite foams/membranes and their fast response to heavy metal ions will be unveiled, and thereby the correlation between the microstructure of the developed composite foams or membranes and their adsorption properties will be revealed. Furthermore, the influence by modification methods and environmental factors such as pH and temperature on the adsorption properties of the developed composites will be explored. To the end, the developed bentonite composite materials will be evaluated by the effectiveness in treatment of heavy metal contaminated water under dynamic simulated conditions. The successful implement of this project will develop high value-added bentonite-based eco-materials, expand their application fields, help promote the transformation of Xinjiang regional low-grade resources into economic advantage, and also provide technical support to our national treatment of heavy metal pollution in water environment.

英文关键词： Bentonite;Composite;Heavy Metal;Adsorption;Microscopic Mechanism