二穗短柄草对小麦条锈菌近非寄主抗性的分子机理研究

项目名称： 二穗短柄草对小麦条锈菌近非寄主抗性的分子机理研究

项目编号： No.31471756

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 漆小泉

作者单位： 中国科学院植物研究所

项目金额： 100万元

中文摘要： 小麦条锈病是危害我国小麦生产的主要病害之一。目前我国培育的主栽小麦品种主要以抗条锈病的主效R基因控制条锈病的危害。由于R基因缺乏持久性，致使病害的周期性大流行，严重危及到我国的粮食安全。探索抗条锈病的非寄主抗性等具有持久抗病性的分子机理有利于拓宽抗条锈病育种的思路。以亲缘关系较近的二穗短柄草为材料研究其对小麦条锈菌的近非寄主抗性将加快解析小麦条锈病持久抗性的分子机制。本项目将在已经筛选到的感病性增强的二穗短柄草突变体T1415的基础上，确定T-DNA插入引起转录本表达量显著上升的转录因子基因BdZFHD1 是否参与对小麦条锈菌的近非寄主抗性反应；鉴定该转录因子的结合序列及调控的靶基因，阐明其抗小麦条锈病的防卫功能；初步揭示BdZFHD1在小麦中的同源蛋白以及BdZFHD1靶基因的同源基因在小麦条锈菌侵染小麦时的防卫反应机制，为培育持久抗条锈病的小麦品种提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 小麦；小麦条锈；二穗短柄草；非寄主抗性；转录因子

英文摘要： Wheat stripe rust is one of the major diseases in wheat production in China. The major effective R genes are used in most wheat cultivars for controlling wheat stripe rust. However, lacking of durability of R genes often results in a periodic disease pandemic that threatens country's food security. Exploration of molecular mechanism of non-host resistance and other durable disease resistance to wheat stripe rust will be in favor of broadening our ideas for breeding durable resistant cultivars. Use of the genetically related species Brachypodium distachyon to study the near non-host resistance to wheat stripe rust will allow us to more easily dissect the molecular mechanism of durable resistance. Based on our previously identified enhanced susceptibility to wheat stripe rust mutant line T1415, this project will determine if the candidate transcription factor gene BdZFHD1 having significant high expression level of the transcript in the mutant is caused by the T-DNA insertion, identify the binding sequences of BdZFHD1 and its target genes for understanding the defense mechanism to wheat stripe rust, study on the defense responses of the BdZFHD1 homologous protein and the homologous genes of BdZFHD1 target genes during wheat-wheat stripe rust interaction. This project will provide a theoretical basis for breading wheat cultivars that are more durable resistant to wheat stripe rust.

英文关键词： Wheat;Wheat stripe rust;Brachypodium distachyon;Non-host resistance;Transcription factor