基于机载全波形激光雷达数据的复杂城区单株木提取方法研究

项目名称： 基于机载全波形激光雷达数据的复杂城区单株木提取方法研究

项目编号： No.41301478

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 孙杰

作者单位： 中国地质大学（武汉）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 机载全波形LiDAR能快速获取丰富的点云和波形信息，日益成为现代林业数据获取的一种重要手段,如何利用机载全波形LiDAR数据提取单株木是实现"精细林业"的基础。针对复杂城区环境下全波形LiDAR数据提取单株木过程中全波形数据信息提取精度低、林木区域识别难以顾及效率与精度和高郁闭度条件下单株木提取精度低等问题。本课题通过研究高精度波形去卷积方法、基于模型库的自适应回波拟合实现全波形数据的精确分解和特征提取；通过基于nDSM区域回波率的林木区域快速分割和融合点云几何、波形特征的面向对象分类方法实现林木区域的高精效识别；在此基础上研究基于点云的树干提取和二三维相结合的单株木精确提取方法，用于解决高郁闭度环境下单株木识别困难的问题，提高单株木提取精度。本项研究可望为复杂城区环境下单株木精确提取提供有力的基础理论和方法，对城市林业资源调查及生态保护等方面都具有重要的研究价值和实际意义。

中文关键词： 全波形；激光雷达；城区；单株木提取；

英文摘要： Airborne full waveform(AFWF) LiDAR can generate rich point clouds and waveform information, which has increasingly being an important way for modern forestry data acquisition. How to make use of AFWF LiDAR data for single tree extraction is the key to realize "fine forestry", but there are still some difficulties in the processing in complex urban environment, such as low precision of AFWF LiDAR data decomposition, efficiency and accuracy are difficult taken into consideration in forest area recognition simultaneously, unrecognized trees under density canopy condition. In view of the above questions, this project will study the high precision waveform deconvolution method and model library based adaptive echo fitting method to realize the precise waveform decomposition and feature extraction; the nDSM echo ratio based forest fast segmentation method and object-oriented point clouds and waveform combined classification method will be studied to realize the precise and fast identification of forest areas, on the basis of the point clouds based stem detection method and the 2D and 3D combined single tree segmentation method, the single tree will be extracted in high canopy density environment more precisely. Above mentioned researchs, on the whole, consist a complete process for AFWF LiDAR data based single tree ex

英文关键词： Full waveform；LiDAR；urban；single tree extraction；