高分辨率SAR图像城市目标认知解译与动态监测应用研究

项目名称： 高分辨率SAR图像城市目标认知解译与动态监测应用研究

项目编号： No.61331016

项目类型： 重点项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 廖明生

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 245万元

中文摘要： 尽管从高分辨率SAR图像中可获取的目标特征信息越来越丰富，目标的复杂性、密集建筑物间电磁波的多次散射和侧视成像固有的几何畸变等因素使得SAR图像目标解译和应用仍然非常困难。本项目针对高分辨率SAR图像中城市复杂场景下目标高效认知解译的重大应用需求，结合项目群其他方向的研究，重点从地物目标的相干散射、数据统计和图像视觉等模型入手，进一步综合相干/非相干信息对典型目标进行一体化特征描述与表达，建立“像元-对象-目标-场景”的层次化认知模式，进而扩展到时间序列上对目标/场景时空演变现象的研究。在理论方法和关键技术有所突破的同时，立足于复杂场景下城市地物目标的识别和变化监测等方面开展典型应用研究，探索城市复杂场景下从静态到动态、二维到三维的地物目标高效认知解译的研究思路，充分刻画和展示项目群从静态认知到动态监测的目标认知解译过程，并形成开放式的研究平台和基础环境。

中文关键词： 图像解译;散射机理;遥感图像识别;遥感图像;雷达遥感

英文摘要： SAR systems of the new generation provide images with a high spatial resolution, which is particularly useful for observing building blocks in urban areas and single building structures in detail. However, phenomena due to the side-looking scene illumination of the SAR sensor, such as layover, foreshortening, and shadowing, as well as the multi-bounce scattering, complicate the interpretability. .Our proposed research topics concentrate on the application of object recognition and interpretation from high-resolution SAR images in urban areas. Based on the analysis of target backscattering characteristics and their statistical models, the coherent and non-coherent information will be integrated to understand and describe a target. We will expand the traditional target cognitive model to a hierarchy model with a multi-layer Pixel-Object-Target-Scene pattern, and then investigate the spatial-temporal evolution process of the target characteristics with time-series SAR images..Using for example TomoSAR to analyze the time-series data, multiple scatterers in one resolution cell can be separated, which is important in the analysis of targets in dense urban areas. Using differential TomoSAR is comparable to PS-InSAR, however PS-InSAR is only capable of estimating one height and velocity value per pixel, whereas D-TomoSAR estimates these for each dominant scatterer in the resolution cell, making it the more valuable choice in dense urban areas. .As the pilot applications demonstrating the basic idea of moving from a static cognitive mode to a dynamic mode, we will focus on the target identification and change detection in urban areas. Finally, a prototype for the data processing and image interpretation system will be developed.

英文关键词： image interpretation;backscattering mechanism;recognition of RS image;remote sensing imagery;Radar remote sensing