多节棍型聚合物光伏材料的研制

项目名称： 多节棍型聚合物光伏材料的研制

项目编号： No.21474129

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 李维实

作者单位： 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： 目前有机光伏材料主要可分为共轭聚合物和小分子化合物两大类。通常共轭聚合物具有易加工成膜的优点，但批次重复性不佳。小分子化合物结构明确，没有批次重复性问题，但通常容易结晶、不易成膜，而且溶液粘度低，不适合工业化制膜工艺。本项目提出一类新型的有机光伏材料，称之为多节棍型聚合物，其结构由具有光电活性的共轭链段与非共轭的柔性链段交替组成，经具有窄带隙能级特征且两末端含可进行聚合反应的活性基团的单体合成而得。由于其光电活性链段结构明确，类似于小分子光伏化合物，此类材料有望减少其光电性能对聚合度的依赖。同时，聚合物的本质预计可使材料拥有良好的成膜性能。项目将充分展开这类聚合物的设计、合成及性能研究，探讨各结构因素对其基本性质、凝聚态结构及光伏性能的影响，揭示其特点和构效关系。在此基础上，争取开发出高性能的有机光伏材料，发展基于现场聚合和交联聚合策略的高稳定性高性能光伏活性层及电池器件的制备技术。

中文关键词： 光伏材料；导电高分子；太阳能电池；能量转换；功能高分子

英文摘要： The organic photovoltaic materials developed so far can be categorized into two main classes: conjugated polymers and small molecular compounds. In general, conjugated polymers are easy-processing and good for film formation, but suffer from the poor batch reproducibility. Small molecular compounds have a discrete structure, and thus exclude the issue of poor batch reproducibility. However, they generally tend to crystallize, not good for film formation. Furthermore, their solutions are generally in low viscosity, which may be not suitable for industrial membrane manufacture technologies. This project proposes a completely new type of organic photovoltaic materials, namely poly(rod-coil) polymers, which is composed of opto-electronically active conjugated segments and non-conjugated soft ones in an alternative fashion, and prepared from a monomer with a low bandgap nature and two terminal active functionalities for further polymerization. Owing to their opto-electronically active segments are defined, like small molecular photovoltaic compounds, this type of materials are expected to possess molecular weight-less dependent photovoltaic properties. Meanwhile, their polymeric nature would enable the materials a good film formation potential. The project will be concentrated on design, synthesis, and property studies of this type of polymers, and penetrate into the impacts of each structure factor on the basic properties, molecular packing structures in condensed state, and photovoltaic performance. Moreover, the project also aims to develop several novel materials with high photovoltaic performance and further to develop in-situ and crosslinking technologies for a stable photovoltaic film and cell.

英文关键词： Photovoltaic Materials;Conductive Polymers;Solar Cells;Energy Conversion;Functional Polymers