驻极纳米纤维膜的可控制备及其特异化过滤机理研究

项目名称： 驻极纳米纤维膜的可控制备及其特异化过滤机理研究

项目编号： No.51503030

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 印霞

作者单位： 东华大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 高精度过滤效率的同时满足低压阻的要求是空气过滤材料一直面临的重大难题。较普通纤维，静电纺纳米纤维直径更小，比表面积更大，如能实现它的稳定驻极化，其高效低阻过滤性能具备更大的提升空间。本项目拟对静电纺驻极纳米纤维膜微观结构与其过滤性能的内在关联展开研究，揭示纤维膜特异化过滤机理，从而提升其高效低阻过滤性能。近年来，有关静电纺纳米纤维的驻极效应始有报道，但其成型条件、调控机制及电场捕获机理都尚未明确。本项目将阐明原液特性、添加物及纺丝加工参数对高密度电荷、长效稳定驻极纳米纤维成型的影响规律，明确成型条件并掌握调控方法，揭示颗粒流经驻极纳米纤维膜的电场捕获机理，明晰纳米纤维膜本体结构、表面化学性质与其过滤性能（过滤效率、空气阻力）之间的内在联系，并在此基础上对驻级纳米纤维膜的结构进行优化，实现其过滤效率达到99.995%、空气阻力低于50Pa的目标，以满足其在空气过滤领域高效低阻的应用要求。

中文关键词： 静电纺丝；驻极纳米纤维膜；三维网络曲孔通道；特异化过滤机理；高效低阻

英文摘要： To obtain the characteristics of both high-filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop is always a big challenge for air filtration materials. Compared with ordinary fibers, electrospun fibers have smaller diameter and larger specific area, and therefore, if they are stably electreted, the filtration properties of high-filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop of the formed nanofibrous membranes are greater growth and upside potential. Herein, we will study the internal relation between the microstructure and the filtration performance of the electreted nanofibrous membranes, reveal the specific filtration mechanisms of the membranes, to improve the high-efficiency and low-pressure drop properties. Recently, the electreted effect of electrospun fibers has started to be reported, but its formation conditions, control mechanisms and particle trapping mechanism under electrostatic field are not clear. In this work, we will investigate the influences of solution characteristics, additives and process parameters on the formation of electrospun fibers with high charge density and stable electreted effect, master the formation conditions and control methods, reveal the particle trapping mechanism under electrostatic field, illuminate the internal relation between the structure and surface chemical properties of the membrane and its filtration performance, and finally optimize the structure of the nanofibrous membranes, to achieve the target of filtration efficiency over 99.995% and pressure drop below 50 Pa, and therefore to fulfill the practical applications in the air filtration fields.

英文关键词： Electrospinning;Electreted nanofibrous membranes;Three dimensional interconnected tortuous tunnels;Specific filtration mechanism;high-filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop