防除草原毒草的磺酰脲类除草剂的研究开发

项目名称： 防除草原毒草的磺酰脲类除草剂的研究开发

项目编号： No.21262001

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王美怡

作者单位： 北方民族大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 草原毒草是草场的大害，其大量生长不仅会抑制其它物种的生长，破坏草原物种的多样性，而且严重制约着畜牧业及经济的可持续发展。目前针对防除草原毒草所开发的除草剂品种除了广谱灭生性的除草剂草甘膦外，还有磺酰脲类除草剂。磺酰脲是以ALS/AHAS为靶标的一类高效、低毒、高选择性、对环境友好的除草剂品种。为了进一步开发此类商品化除草剂的应用领域及发现新型具有高活性的磺酰脲类先导化合物，本项目拟开展以下研究工作：（1）建立针对草原毒草的实验室生物活性筛选模型，使得化合物的除草活性研究尽可能在节约成本、节省时间的条件下进行；（2）选择已知商品化磺酰脲类除草剂，研究它们防除毒草的除草活性；（3）通过分子设计合成多个系列的新型磺酰脲类化合物，对其进行除草活性研究；并通过计算机辅助，研究对毒草具有活性的磺酰脲类化合物的构效关系。为进一步开发具有我国自主知识产权的防除草原毒草的除草剂品种奠定基础。

中文关键词： 毒草；合成；磺酰脲；除草活性；构效关系

英文摘要： Poisonous weeds are of greatly harmful to grassland. They inhibit the growth of other species, destruct the species diversity of the grassland. The disaster of poisonous weeds is restricting the livestock industry and the sustainable development of economy. At present, the development of the herbicide which controll the poisonous weeds are glyphosate and sulfonylurea. Sulfonylurea herbicides are inhibitors of ALS/AHAS, characterized by high herbicidal activity, high degree of selectivity, and excellent environmental safety. In order to further develope the application areas of such good herbicide agent, this project aims to carry out the following research work. (1) To establish bioactivity screening model of poisonous weeds in the laboratory. Thus we can investigated the herbicidal activity in a cost saving and time saving conditions. (2) We will select known commercialized sulfonylurea herbicides, and their herbicidal activity against poisonous weeds will be tested in the laboratory. (3) We will synthesize several series of new sulfonylurea compounds through the molecular design. And investgated their herbicial activity. Their The structure-activity relationship of the sulfonylurea compounds on poisonous weeds will be investigated. We hope to find out several lead compounds of sulfonylurea with higher activity

英文关键词： piosonous weeds；synthesis；sulfonylurea；herbical activity；QSAR