城市公交线路系统中的聚集行为分析及协同控制策略研究

项目名称： 城市公交线路系统中的聚集行为分析及协同控制策略研究

项目编号： No.71201041

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学与工程

项目作者： 丁建勋

作者单位： 合肥工业大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 有序、高效的公交运营是现代化公交系统的主要特征之一。然而，大量实测数据显示公交线路上普遍存在车流和客流的聚集现象，分别表现为：公交车辆在线路上偏离调度聚集行驶及在站点处密集到达，乘客在车厢内外的蜂拥聚集。本课题拟以公交线路上聚集行为的提取、阐释和控制为主线，采用基于元胞自动机模型和非线性映射方法分别构建公交线路仿真模型和车流-客流解析模型，分析公交线路聚集行为的生成机理、宏观特性及影响因素，探讨两类聚集行为的耦合互动机理。在此基础上，借助乘客-公交-站点间信息互通共享，通过目标协同、信息协同和策略协同等机制，实现线路上乘客的有序组织、公交的合作驾驶，诱导车流和客流的合理时空分布，以提升公交系统的吸引力和承载力。最后，采用合肥市典型的公交线路进行实证研究。本项目的研究可以促进智能公交系统的发展，为我国公交优先政策的实施和现代化公交系统的建设奠定良好的理论基础。

中文关键词： 公交线路系统；聚集行为；车头时距模型；协同控制；状态相图

英文摘要： Orderly and effeicent transit operation is deemed as one of the most important properties of modern public transit systems. However, a quantity of real observed data shows that bus bunching and passenger clustering phenomena are pervasive along bus routes. The concrete features are that: the buses do not follow timetables and bunch together along the line or arrive at the stops aggregately, while the passengers crowd and cluster together both inside and outside of the carriage. This project intends to focus on the identification, description and control of the cluster behaviors on the bus routes. The bus route simulating model and the coupled vehicle-passenger analytical model based on the cellular automata and non-linear map approach will be respectively developed, and required to explore the generation mechanism and macro-properties of the cluster behaviors. The factors that affect the aggregation process and the coupling dynamics of the two seemingly unrelated clusters will be investigated as well. Based on the analysis, we will propose three kinds of cooperation mechanisms, such as coordinated goals, information sharing and cooperative strategies. The orderly organized passenger flow and bus stream under cooperative driving can be thus achieved, which lead to better spatiotemporal distribution of buses along

英文关键词： bus route system；cluster behavior；time-headway model；cooperative control；phase diagram