交联聚乙烯绝缘材料直流介电性能改善及其机理研究

项目名称： 交联聚乙烯绝缘材料直流介电性能改善及其机理研究

项目编号： No.51337002

项目类型： 重点项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 韩宝忠

作者单位： 哈尔滨理工大学

项目金额： 325万元

中文摘要： 高压直流电缆交联聚乙烯（XLPE）绝缘材料是少数跨国公司垄断产品，属国家急需战略性高技术产品。本项目基于两个技术路线研究提高XLPE直流介电性能的方法，为其国产化提供理论指导和技术支持。技术路线之一是在计算机分子模拟研究的基础上，结合能谱分析等探明芳香族衍生物抑制XLPE空间电荷积累、提高其击穿强度和改善其电导特性的机理，选出可接枝聚乙烯并能明显改善XLPE直流介电性能的芳香族衍生物。技术路线之二是通过仪器测试分析和理论化学计算，获得研究纳米复合XLPE界面电荷特性的有效方法，进而揭示各因素对界面电荷的影响规律及添加纳米氧化物和纳米导电材料改善XLPE直流介电性能的机理，选出性能更好的纳米氧化物和纳米导电材料，开发出综合性能优异的高压直流电缆纳米复合XLPE绝缘材料。两个技术路线的共性科学问题是对材料中电子行为的影响和调控，该研究不仅具有重大的科学意义，而且有望获得显著的经济和社会效益。

中文关键词： 高压直流电缆;交联聚乙烯;介电性能;空间电荷;界面电荷

英文摘要： Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation materials in high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables have been monopolized by several transnational enterprises and they are the urgent and strategic Hi-Tech products for the nation. In this project, two technology pathways will be used to identify the appropriate method for the effective improvement of DC dielectric properties of XLPE and it will further provide the theoretical guide and technical support for the localization. In the first one, combined computer-aided molecular simulations and energy spectrum analysis, the mechanisms of aromatic derivatives to suppressing space charge accumulation, increasing breakdown strength and improving conduction characteristic of XLPE will be investigated and some high-activity aromatic derivatives that can be grafted to polyethylene to remarkably improve DC dielectric properties of XLPE will be chosen. In the second one, combined physical tests with theoretical chemistry calculations, the appropriate method for studying the interface charge characteristics in XLPE composites filled with nano fillers will be identified. Further, both the effects of different factors on interface charges and the mechanism for the improvement of DC dielectric properties of XLPE by nano oxides and nano conductive materials will be explored; high-performance nanometer oxides and conductive materials will be selected. Finally, XLPE insulation nanocomposites used in HVDC cables with superior comprehensive performances will be designed and developed. The common scientific question in both technology pathways is how to affect and control the electron behaviors in the materials. This research not only has the important scientific significance, but also has potential to bring remarkable economic and social benefits.

英文关键词： HVDC cable;XLPE;dielectric properties;space charge;interface charge