聚电解质强化超滤同步去除水源水中硝酸盐和高氯酸盐的效能和机理研究

项目名称： 聚电解质强化超滤同步去除水源水中硝酸盐和高氯酸盐的效能和机理研究

项目编号： No.51308076

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 李雪

作者单位： 长沙学院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 硝酸盐和高氯酸盐是水源水中的典型污染物，易进入到饮用水系统，对人类健康造成威胁。本课题采用基于聚电解质的强化超滤法处理硝酸盐和高氯酸盐微污染的水源水，实现硝酸盐和高氯酸盐的高效分离与聚电解质的循环使用，进行工艺控制过程的研究与作用机理的探讨。主要内容包括：(1) 聚电解质对硝酸盐、高氯酸盐离子的吸附行为研究；(2) PEUF同步去除水源水中硝酸盐、高氯酸盐的过程控制和条件优化；(3)PEUF过程膜污染特征及其控制研究；(4)浓缩液中聚电解质的回收方法与再生效能。针对聚电解质官能团与硝酸盐、高氯酸盐离子的键合作用，超滤膜对聚电解质的分离作用机理与PEUF的膜污染规律等关键问题进行深入探讨，分析PEUF的作用机理，为聚电解质强化超滤法的研发提供科学理论依据和应用基础，具有重要的理论意义和实际应用前景。

中文关键词： 聚电解质强化超滤；硝酸盐；高氯酸盐；膜污染控制；

英文摘要： Nitrate and perchlorate are typical contaminants in source water, so they are easy to enter drinking water system, that lead to threaten the health of human beings. In this research project, we study on Polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF), a water soluble polymer -based separation process, which is promising in simultaneous removing nitrate and perchlorate from micro-polluted source water, recycling the polyelectrolyte efficiently, and investigating separation process control as well as mechanism explore.This work mainly includes that：（1）adsorption behavior of nitrate and perchlorate ions on polyelectrolyte,（2）process control and optimization of operation parameters in PEUF process,（3）characteristics of the membrane fouling and reduced it, （4）polyelectrolyte regeneration and its efficiency. In addition, several key scientific issues such as bonding action between nitrate/perchlorate ions and functional group of polyelectrolyte, mechanism of removing polyelectrolyte by ultrafiltration membrane and membrane fouling law will be deeply studied. The machanism of PEUF will be analyzed profoundly. It will provide theoretical and applied foundation for research and development of simultaneous removal of nitrate and perchlorate by PEUF, which offers some important theoretical significance and a good guider in

英文关键词： Polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration；Nitrate；Perchlorate；Membrane fouling Control；