2型糖尿病易感基因与膳食碳水化合物质量的交互作用及机理研究

项目名称： 2型糖尿病易感基因与膳食碳水化合物质量的交互作用及机理研究

项目编号： No.81472976

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 成果

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 本项目围绕2型糖尿病易感基因和膳食碳水化合物质量这两个关键因素，致力研究和揭示我国人群2型糖尿病易感基因与膳食碳水化合物质量的交互作用对2型糖尿病患病风险的影响及机制。分析成都、厦门两地成人膳食碳水化合物质量状况（膳食血糖生成指数水平、膳食血糖负荷水平、膳食纤维摄入量及来源、全谷物和精制谷物及薯类摄入量）；检测受试者糖代谢指标和2型糖尿病易感基因位点，评估、区分受试人群2型糖尿病遗传背景；明确不同遗传背景人群中，膳食碳水化合物质量与空腹血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平及胰岛素敏感性的关系。使用动物实验动态观察高血糖生成指数饲料对大鼠糖代谢指标的影响并明确其对大鼠2型糖尿病易感基因mRNA表达水平和蛋白表达水平的影响；探索高质量膳食碳水化合物预防2型糖尿病的有效性及机理。该研究对揭示和认识后天环境因素对2型糖尿病的影响有重要意义，可望为我国2型糖尿病早期预防提供相关科学依据。

中文关键词： 膳食碳水化合物质量；基因多态性；2型糖尿病患病风险；分子机制

英文摘要： The purpose of this project is to examine the interactions between dietary carbohydrate quality and genetic variation and their influence on risk of type 2 diabetes and its mechanism. Among adults in Chengdu and Xiamen, the carbohydrate quality (i.e. dietary glycemic index, dietary glycemic load, total dietary fiber intake and fiber sources, intakes of whole/refined grain and tubers) will be evaluated. Indicators of glucose metabolism will be checked, and genetic susceptibility loci of type 2 diabetes will be measured to identify hereditary susceptibility of type 2 diabetes of the participants. Considering the genetic background of the participants, the associations between dietary carbohydrate quality and fasting blood glucose level, hemoglobin A1c level, insulin sensitivity will be investigated. Using test animal, we would like to evaluate the effect of feed with high glycemic index on glycose metabolism and susceptible gene expression on both mRNA and protein levels, and find the effectiveness and mechanism of high quality carbohydrate on prevention of type 2 diabetes. The results of this study could find or specialize the interactions between dietary carbohydrate quality and genetic variation and their influence on risk of type 2 diabetes, and help us to understand the possible relationship between environmental factors and risk of type 2 diabetes. The results from the present study would be helpful in finding effective and reliable way to protect type 2 diabetes.

英文关键词： dietrary carbohydrate quality;genetic variation;risk of type 2 diabetes;molecular mechanism