气候变化对农药水生毒性的对映体选择性影响机制探索

项目名称： 气候变化对农药水生毒性的对映体选择性影响机制探索

项目编号： No.21277126

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 徐超

作者单位： 浙江工业大学

项目金额： 60万元

中文摘要： 近年来，气候变化对农业生态的影响已经日益引起公众的关注。本项目立足于气候变化背景下，围绕环境因素对手性农药水生毒性对映体选择性影响这一基础科学问题，选取有机氯、有机磷、拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂和酰胺类除草剂为目标化合物，针对其检出率高、生物富集强和水生毒性高等特点，研究在温度、盐度以及金属离子等几个关键环境因素影响下，它们在斑马鱼体内的对映体选择性累积和代谢变化特征；同时以斑马鱼及其胚胎为模型开展水生毒性研究，在揭示对映体选择性急性毒性变化特征的基础上，进一步探索慢性毒性对对映体选择性的影响规律；通过胚胎发育毒性、内分泌干扰效应和免疫毒性，在分子生物学水平上探索其影响机制和对映体选择性毒性变化的内在联系。本研究旨在阐明环境因素对手性农药对映体选择性水生毒性的影响规律和机理，为全面合理的评价手性农药环境安全提供科学依据，以期更好的应对气候变化对农业生态的影响。

中文关键词： 手性农药；气候变化；菊酯；甲状腺干扰；斑马鱼

英文摘要： Climate change has become an important issue since the last decades. Based on such a backgroud, we study the effects of some typical environmental factors on the enantioselective aquatic toxicity of chiral pesticides. Organochlorine, organophosphate, pyrethroid insecticides and chloroacetamide herbicides are employed, as these pesticides are frequently detected and they have high bioconcentration factors and aquatic toxicity.Temperature, salinity and heavy metals are selected to be the key environmental factors. Zebrafish and its embryos are chosen to be the model organisms for the acute and chronic aquatic toxicity studies. Based on the effects of environmental factors on the enantioselective acute toxicity of chiral pesticides, the mechanisms of chronic toxicities are further studied. By combing the enantioselectivity in developmental toxicity, endocrine effects and immune toxicity, the inner biomolecule mechanisms are further considered. This project aims to clarify the mechanisms of effects of environmental fators on enantioselective aquatic toxicity of chiral pesticides, providing a scientific basis for the environmental safety assessment of chiral pesticides and a better preparation for the impact of climate change on agriculture.

英文关键词： chiral pesticide；climate change；pyrethroid；thyroid disruption；zebrafish