玉米籽粒发育相关基因OS1的功能研究

项目名称： 玉米籽粒发育相关基因OS1的功能研究

项目编号： No.31301321

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 宋伟彬

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 玉米籽粒主要由胚和胚乳组成，其中胚乳占整个籽粒重量的85%左右，是人类和家畜的主要食物来源。os1是一个玉米自然诱发突变体，表现为胚变小和胚乳顶端不透明。课题组前期利用os1与Mo17构建作图群体，通过精细定位、候选基因分析和功能互补试验，成功克隆了该基因，OS1基因为一个编码含有RWP-RK保守结构域的转录因子，亚细胞定位结果表明该基因编码的蛋白定位在细胞核中。本项目将在现有研究基础上，通过构建OS1::promoter与GUS和GFP编码框表达载体，利用转基因技术明确OS1基因在胚和胚乳的特定细胞中的表达情况；通过对制备OS1基因抗体及Chip试验，挖掘OS1基因调控的候选靶基因，然后通过凝胶阻滞实验确定OS1基因与靶基因启动子作用的DNA序列；结合OS1靶标基因的功能分析，阐明OS1基因在调控籽粒胚和胚乳发育过程中的功能，旨在为玉米籽粒性状的遗传改良奠定基础。

中文关键词： 转录因子；养分运输；基因印记；玉米籽粒；

英文摘要： Maize kernel is mainly composed of embryo and endosperm，where endosperm accounted for about 85% of the entire kernel weight, is the main source of food for human and livestock. os1 is a spontaneous mutant that shows smaller embryo and opaque endosperm on the top. We have cloned the gene by using the fine mapping strategy through large BC1F1 population derived from os1 and Mo17, as well as candidate gene analysis and functional complementary test. OS1 gene is a transcription factor containing RWP-RK conserved domain and the protein encoded by the gene is localized in the nucleus, which was confirmed by subcellular localization. This project will study on the molecular mechanism of the OS1 gene during the kernel development based on research results. The expression patterns of OS1 gene in the specific cell types of the embryo and endosperm will be determined by transformation of the constructions of OS1 promoter with GUS and GFP fusion vector; the candidate target genes regulated by OS1 will be cloned through the transcriptome sequencing and Chip assay, and the DNA sequence of targets gene promoter will be determined by gel EMSA assay. The functional analysis of OS1 gene in regulating the embryo development and endosperm components will shed light on the genetic improvement of maize kernel.

英文关键词： transcription factor；nutrients transporter；imprinting genes；maize kernel；