ins1和ins2对罗非鱼糖代谢的调控作用及分子机制

项目名称： ins1和ins2对罗非鱼糖代谢的调控作用及分子机制

项目编号： No.31502181

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 陈拥军

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对鱼类餐后的持续性高血糖现象，选择杂食性的罗非鱼为研究对象，充分发掘其基因组已公布的优势，从降低血糖的唯一激素胰岛素（INS）出发，解析INS信号通路引发组织细胞摄取利用葡萄糖的代谢路径，通过葡萄糖耐受实验、生长实验、基因敲除实验，研究葡萄糖负载后罗非鱼血糖和BB（Brockmann Body）ins1和ins2表达的动态变化规律，比较肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织在葡萄糖吸收转运（glut4）、储存（gs）、分解利用（pfk1、acly、srebp-1、acc）、糖异生（hsl、g6p）等环节的效率差异，揭示ins1和ins2在罗非鱼糖代谢中扮演的角色，阐明罗非鱼外周组织发生INS抵抗的根本原因，并使用降糖药物二甲双胍进行调控。本项目的执行有利于阐明INS调节鱼类糖代谢的分子机制，揭示鱼类糖利用能力低下的根本原因，调控鱼类对饲料糖的耐受能力，不但能丰富鱼类营养生理学理论知识，还具有重要的应用价值。

中文关键词： 罗非鱼；葡萄糖；胰岛素；调节；分子机制

英文摘要： Taking advantage of its available genome background, omnivorous tilapia is used as the research object to explore the phenomenon of postprandial persistent hyperglycemia in fish. Using insulin (INS, the only hormone to reduce blood glucose level) as the breakthrough point, this project separates specific metabolic ways related with cellular glucose uptake and utilization from INS signaling pathway. Through glucose tolerance test, growth trial and gene knockout experiments, dynamic change of blood glucose level and the expression of ins1 and ins2 in the Brockmann Body (BB) after a glucose load, a comparison of liver, muscle and adipose tissue in the efficacy of glucose uptake (glucose transporter 4, glut4), glucose storage (glycogen synthase, gs), glycolysis and anabolism (phosphofructokinase-1, pfk1; isocitrate lyase, acly; sterol regulatory element binding protein-1, srebp-1; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, acc), and catabolism and gluconeogenesis (hormone sensitive lipase, hsl; glucose-6-phosphatase, g6p), and the specific role of ins2 and ins1 in glucose metabolism in tilapia will be investigated. The underlying mechanism of INS resistance in peripheral tissue will be uncovered, and the regulatory role of metformin (mammalian antidiabetic drugs) in INS resistance will also be investigated. The implementation of this project will make great contributions to clarifying the molecular mechanisms of insulin to regulate glucose metabolism of fish, revealing the underlying mechanism of poor glucose utilization in fish and enhancing the capacity of fish to tolerate higher dietary carbohydrate level, which will not only enrich the knowledge of fish nutrition and physiology, but also provide many practical applications in aquaculture.

英文关键词： tilapia;glucose;insulin;regulation;molecular mechanism