甲壳素/壳聚糖均相反应体系的设计及反应规律的研究

项目名称： 甲壳素/壳聚糖均相反应体系的设计及反应规律的研究

项目编号： No.20876080

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 于世涛

作者单位： 青岛科技大学

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 合成并筛选出了6种对壳聚糖溶解性好、降解性低、热稳定性高的离子液体，用FT-IR、1HNMR和13CNMR技术确定了它们的结构。在离子液体-水均相体系下合成出了乙酰基、丁二酰基和马来酰基壳聚糖，得到了适宜的工艺条件。FT-IR和X-ray测试表明：酰基的引入破坏了壳聚糖分子间的氢键，减弱了壳聚糖致密的聚集态结构，改善了壳聚糖溶解性能。以高分子量壳聚糖为原料，在微波协助下合成出了乙基、丁基、十二烷基和十六烷基壳聚糖，得到了适宜的工艺条件。FT-IR和X-ray测试表明：烷基的引入削弱了壳聚糖分子间的氢键，衍射峰位置发生了改变，形成了新的晶态结构。研究发现壳聚糖（或衍生物）-离子液体-水溶液属于切力变稀流体（非牛顿力学流体），适合作湿法纺丝原液，确定了纺丝原液的适宜组成和浓度，制备出了4种性能良好的壳聚糖与衍生物纤维，得到了制备纤维的适宜工艺条件。在离子液体-水均相体系下分别用双氧水和纤维素酶降解壳聚糖，制备出了不同分子量的甲壳低聚糖，得到了适宜的降解工艺条件。且以上过程所用离子液体可以回收和重复使用。本项目的研究结果为离子液体在壳聚糖深加工过程中的应用提供了重要指导依据。

中文关键词： 壳聚糖；离子液体；壳聚糖衍生物；壳聚糖纤维

英文摘要： Some ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized, and six ILs with good solubility to chitosan, low degradation and high thermal stability were selected, characterized and used as reaction media to synthesize acyl and alkyl chitosans, such as acetyl, succinyl, maleatyl, ethyl, butyl, dodecyl, and cetyl, under the assistance of microwave. The optimum conditions for the above reactions were obtained. It was found that the introduction of those groups destroyed the hydrogen bonds between chitosan molecules and weakened the dense aggregation structure of chitosan, which was improved the solution of chitosan. Used the synthesized ILs as solvents, four fibers of chitosan and its derivatives with good mechanical properties were prepared, and the optimum conditions for fibers were also obtained. The results indicated that the mixture of chitosan(or its derivatives)-IL-water was a non-Newtonian mechanics fluid. The oxidative degradation with H2O2 and enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase of the chitosan were also examined in the solvent of ILs. The optimum conditions for the degradations were given, and the chitooligosaccharides with various molar mass were produced. It was also found that the used ILs were recycle and had good reusability. A clean and environmentally friendly strategy for the production of those products were expected to realize, and this study can provide guidance for ILs to be used in these reactions.

英文关键词： chitosan; ionic liquid; chitosan derivative; chitosan fiber