华北平原典型长大地裂缝形成演化机理研究

项目名称： 华北平原典型长大地裂缝形成演化机理研究

项目编号： No.41302249

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 徐继山

作者单位： 中国矿业大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 隆尧地裂缝是华北平原规模最大、灾害最烈、成因最为典型的地裂缝，本项目以此为研究对象，以"华北平原地面沉降地裂缝调查与监测"项目初步研究成果为基础，拟从断块差异运动理论视角，深入研究这一类型地裂缝的形成及演化过程。该项目拟解决的问题概括为"一条裂缝，四组关系，若干问题，综合模式"，即围绕地裂缝的成因机理研究核心，合理选用地调、测量、槽探、物探、试验、数值计算等手段，细致摸清地裂缝的时空展布，深刻揭示断块运动、断裂活动、地震活动、地下水抽采等致裂因素与地裂缝的成生关系，尝试解答古河道发育、地表水入渗、灌溉活动等影响因素对地裂缝的影响效应，综合求解在断块差异运动背景下地裂缝的成裂机理与演化模式，旨在为实际生产、建设中的灾害防治工作提供理论依据与实践指导。

中文关键词： 华北平原；断块运动；地裂缝；成裂机理；演化模式

英文摘要： Ground fissures in Longyao are the largest, most active and typical ones in the North China Plain. Taking them as the subject investigated, this project will be worked out their mechanism of formation and evolution from the theoretical perspective of fault - block differential movement based on the primary results about survey and monitoring of the North China Plain. In order to solve the problems of the rules and model of mechanism, surround the theoretical core and through surveying, trenching, geophysical exploration, testing, simulation and so on, the authors will explore the spatial and temporal distribution of ground fissures, reveal the relationship between them and the cracking factors of fault - block movement, fault activity, seismic and groundwater activity, and then try to crack the effects of ancient river development, surface water infiltration and irrigation activities on them. Finally, the cracking mechanism and the evolving model will be explored based on the background of fault - block differential movement. This work will provide a theoretical basis and a practical guidance for the actual production and development in the prevention and control of the disaster.

英文关键词： North China Plain；fault-block movement；ground fissures；cracking mechanism；evolving model